From: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Subject: x86/xpti: avoid copying L4 page table contents when possible

For mitigation of Meltdown the current L4 page table is copied to the
cpu local root page table each time a 64 bit pv guest is entered.

Copying can be avoided in cases where the guest L4 page table hasn't
been modified while running the hypervisor, e.g. when handling
interrupts or any hypercall not modifying the L4 page table or %cr3.

So add a per-cpu flag indicating whether the copying should be
performed and set that flag only when loading a new %cr3 or modifying
the L4 page table.  This includes synchronization of the cpu local
root page table with other cpus, so add a special synchronization flag
for that case.

A simple performance check (compiling the hypervisor via "make -j 4")
in dom0 with 4 vcpus shows a significant improvement:

- real time drops from 112 seconds to 103 seconds
- system time drops from 142 seconds to 131 seconds

Signed-off-by: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@suse.com>
---
 xen/arch/x86/flushtlb.c           |  4 ++++
 xen/arch/x86/mm.c                 | 36 +++++++++++++++++++++++-------------
 xen/arch/x86/mm/shadow/multi.c    |  3 +++
 xen/arch/x86/pv/domain.c          |  2 ++
 xen/arch/x86/smp.c                |  2 +-
 xen/arch/x86/x86_64/asm-offsets.c |  1 +
 xen/arch/x86/x86_64/entry.S       |  9 +++++++--
 xen/include/asm-x86/current.h     |  8 ++++++++
 xen/include/asm-x86/flushtlb.h    |  8 ++++++++
 9 files changed, 57 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)

--- a/xen/arch/x86/flushtlb.c
+++ b/xen/arch/x86/flushtlb.c
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
  */
 
 #include <xen/sched.h>
+#include <xen/smp.h>
 #include <xen/softirq.h>
 #include <asm/flushtlb.h>
 #include <asm/page.h>
@@ -160,5 +161,8 @@ unsigned int flush_area_local(const void
 
     local_irq_restore(irqfl);
 
+    if ( flags & FLUSH_ROOT_PGTBL )
+        get_cpu_info()->root_pgt_changed = true;
+
     return flags;
 }
--- a/xen/arch/x86/mm.c
+++ b/xen/arch/x86/mm.c
@@ -508,6 +508,7 @@ void make_cr3(struct vcpu *v, mfn_t mfn)
 
 void write_ptbase(struct vcpu *v)
 {
+    get_cpu_info()->root_pgt_changed = true;
     write_cr3(v->arch.cr3);
 }
 
@@ -3674,18 +3675,27 @@ long do_mmu_update(
                 case PGT_l4_page_table:
                     rc = mod_l4_entry(va, l4e_from_intpte(req.val), mfn,
                                       cmd == MMU_PT_UPDATE_PRESERVE_AD, v);
-                    /*
-                     * No need to sync if all uses of the page can be accounted
-                     * to the page lock we hold, its pinned status, and uses on
-                     * this (v)CPU.
-                     */
-                    if ( !rc && !cpu_has_no_xpti &&
-                         ((page->u.inuse.type_info & PGT_count_mask) >
-                          (1 + !!(page->u.inuse.type_info & PGT_pinned) +
-                           (pagetable_get_pfn(curr->arch.guest_table) == mfn) +
-                           (pagetable_get_pfn(curr->arch.guest_table_user) ==
-                            mfn))) )
-                        sync_guest = true;
+                    if ( !rc && !cpu_has_no_xpti )
+                    {
+                        bool local_in_use = false;
+
+                        if ( pagetable_get_pfn(curr->arch.guest_table) == mfn )
+                        {
+                            local_in_use = true;
+                            get_cpu_info()->root_pgt_changed = true;
+                        }
+
+                        /*
+                         * No need to sync if all uses of the page can be
+                         * accounted to the page lock we hold, its pinned
+                         * status, and uses on this (v)CPU.
+                         */
+                        if ( (page->u.inuse.type_info & PGT_count_mask) >
+                             (1 + !!(page->u.inuse.type_info & PGT_pinned) +
+                              (pagetable_get_pfn(curr->arch.guest_table_user) ==
+                               mfn) + local_in_use) )
+                            sync_guest = true;
+                    }
                     break;
                 case PGT_writable_page:
                     perfc_incr(writable_mmu_updates);
@@ -3799,7 +3809,7 @@ long do_mmu_update(
 
         cpumask_andnot(mask, pt_owner->domain_dirty_cpumask, cpumask_of(cpu));
         if ( !cpumask_empty(mask) )
-            flush_mask(mask, FLUSH_TLB_GLOBAL);
+            flush_mask(mask, FLUSH_TLB_GLOBAL | FLUSH_ROOT_PGTBL);
     }
 
     perfc_add(num_page_updates, i);
--- a/xen/arch/x86/mm/shadow/multi.c
+++ b/xen/arch/x86/mm/shadow/multi.c
@@ -952,6 +952,8 @@ static int shadow_set_l4e(struct domain
 
     /* Write the new entry */
     shadow_write_entries(sl4e, &new_sl4e, 1, sl4mfn);
+    flush_root_pgtbl_domain(d);
+
     flags |= SHADOW_SET_CHANGED;
 
     if ( shadow_l4e_get_flags(old_sl4e) & _PAGE_PRESENT )
@@ -966,6 +968,7 @@ static int shadow_set_l4e(struct domain
         }
         sh_put_ref(d, osl3mfn, paddr);
     }
+
     return flags;
 }
 
--- a/xen/arch/x86/pv/domain.c
+++ b/xen/arch/x86/pv/domain.c
@@ -244,6 +244,8 @@ void toggle_guest_pt(struct vcpu *v)
 
     v->arch.flags ^= TF_kernel_mode;
     update_cr3(v);
+    get_cpu_info()->root_pgt_changed = true;
+
     /* Don't flush user global mappings from the TLB. Don't tick TLB clock. */
     asm volatile ( "mov %0, %%cr3" : : "r" (v->arch.cr3) : "memory" );
 
--- a/xen/arch/x86/smp.c
+++ b/xen/arch/x86/smp.c
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ void invalidate_interrupt(struct cpu_use
     ack_APIC_irq();
     perfc_incr(ipis);
     if ( __sync_local_execstate() )
-        flags &= ~(FLUSH_TLB | FLUSH_TLB_GLOBAL);
+        flags &= ~(FLUSH_TLB | FLUSH_TLB_GLOBAL | FLUSH_ROOT_PGTBL);
     flush_area_local(flush_va, flags);
     cpumask_clear_cpu(smp_processor_id(), &flush_cpumask);
 }
--- a/xen/arch/x86/x86_64/asm-offsets.c
+++ b/xen/arch/x86/x86_64/asm-offsets.c
@@ -144,6 +144,7 @@ void __dummy__(void)
     OFFSET(CPUINFO_shadow_spec_ctrl, struct cpu_info, shadow_spec_ctrl);
     OFFSET(CPUINFO_xen_spec_ctrl, struct cpu_info, xen_spec_ctrl);
     OFFSET(CPUINFO_spec_ctrl_flags, struct cpu_info, spec_ctrl_flags);
+    OFFSET(CPUINFO_root_pgt_changed, struct cpu_info, root_pgt_changed);
     DEFINE(CPUINFO_sizeof, sizeof(struct cpu_info));
     BLANK();
 
--- a/xen/arch/x86/x86_64/entry.S
+++ b/xen/arch/x86/x86_64/entry.S
@@ -164,11 +164,15 @@ restore_all_guest:
         mov   VCPU_cr3(%rbx), %r9
         GET_STACK_END(dx)
         mov   STACK_CPUINFO_FIELD(pv_cr3)(%rdx), %rdi
+        test  %rdi, %rdi
+        jz    .Lrag_keep_cr3
+        mov   %rdi, %rax
+        cmpb  $0, STACK_CPUINFO_FIELD(root_pgt_changed)(%rdx)
+        je    .Lrag_copy_done
+        movb  $0, STACK_CPUINFO_FIELD(root_pgt_changed)(%rdx)
         movabs $PADDR_MASK & PAGE_MASK, %rsi
         movabs $DIRECTMAP_VIRT_START, %rcx
-        mov   %rdi, %rax
         and   %rsi, %rdi
-        jz    .Lrag_keep_cr3
         and   %r9, %rsi
         add   %rcx, %rdi
         add   %rcx, %rsi
@@ -183,6 +187,7 @@ restore_all_guest:
         sub   $(ROOT_PAGETABLE_FIRST_XEN_SLOT - \
                 ROOT_PAGETABLE_LAST_XEN_SLOT - 1) * 8, %rdi
         rep movsq
+.Lrag_copy_done:
         mov   STACK_CPUINFO_FIELD(cr4)(%rdx), %rdi
         mov   %r9, STACK_CPUINFO_FIELD(xen_cr3)(%rdx)
         mov   %rdi, %rsi
--- a/xen/include/asm-x86/current.h
+++ b/xen/include/asm-x86/current.h
@@ -59,6 +59,14 @@ struct cpu_info {
     uint8_t      xen_spec_ctrl;
     uint8_t      spec_ctrl_flags;
 
+    /*
+     * The following field controls copying of the L4 page table of 64-bit
+     * PV guests to the per-cpu root page table on entering the guest context.
+     * If set the L4 page table is being copied to the root page table and
+     * the field will be reset.
+     */
+    bool         root_pgt_changed;
+
     unsigned long __pad;
     /* get_stack_bottom() must be 16-byte aligned */
 };
--- a/xen/include/asm-x86/flushtlb.h
+++ b/xen/include/asm-x86/flushtlb.h
@@ -101,6 +101,8 @@ void write_cr3(unsigned long cr3);
 #define FLUSH_CACHE      0x400
  /* VA for the flush has a valid mapping */
 #define FLUSH_VA_VALID   0x800
+ /* Flush the per-cpu root page table */
+#define FLUSH_ROOT_PGTBL 0x2000
 
 /* Flush local TLBs/caches. */
 unsigned int flush_area_local(const void *va, unsigned int flags);
@@ -132,6 +134,12 @@ void flush_area_mask(const cpumask_t *,
 #define flush_tlb_one_all(v)                    \
     flush_tlb_one_mask(&cpu_online_map, v)
 
+#define flush_root_pgtbl_domain(d)                                       \
+{                                                                        \
+    if ( !cpu_has_no_xpti && is_pv_domain(d) && !is_pv_32bit_domain(d) ) \
+        flush_mask((d)->domain_dirty_cpumask, FLUSH_ROOT_PGTBL);         \
+}
+
 static inline void flush_page_to_ram(unsigned long mfn, bool sync_icache) {}
 static inline int invalidate_dcache_va_range(const void *p,
                                              unsigned long size)
