diff -Nura icu/source/common/cmemory.h icu_new/source/common/cmemory.h
--- icu/source/common/cmemory.h	2008-07-01 09:41:12.000000000 +0800
+++ icu_new/source/common/cmemory.h	2022-08-17 21:51:21.628850156 +0800
@@ -30,6 +30,15 @@
 
 #define uprv_memcpy(dst, src, size) U_STANDARD_CPP_NAMESPACE memcpy(dst, src, size)
 #define uprv_memmove(dst, src, size) U_STANDARD_CPP_NAMESPACE memmove(dst, src, size)
+
+/**
+ * \def UPRV_LENGTHOF
+ * Convenience macro to determine the length of a fixed array at compile-time.
+ * @param array A fixed length array
+ * @return The length of the array, in elements
+ * @internal
+ */
+#define UPRV_LENGTHOF(array) (int32_t)(sizeof(array)/sizeof((array)[0]))
 #define uprv_memset(buffer, mark, size) U_STANDARD_CPP_NAMESPACE memset(buffer, mark, size)
 #define uprv_memcmp(buffer1, buffer2, size) U_STANDARD_CPP_NAMESPACE memcmp(buffer1, buffer2,size)
 
diff -Nura icu/source/common/putil.c icu_new/source/common/putil.c
--- icu/source/common/putil.c	2008-07-01 09:41:12.000000000 +0800
+++ icu_new/source/common/putil.c	1970-01-01 08:00:00.000000000 +0800
@@ -1,1741 +0,0 @@
-/*
-******************************************************************************
-*
-*   Copyright (C) 1997-2008, International Business Machines
-*   Corporation and others.  All Rights Reserved.
-*
-******************************************************************************
-*
-*  FILE NAME : putil.c (previously putil.cpp and ptypes.cpp)
-*
-*   Date        Name        Description
-*   04/14/97    aliu        Creation.
-*   04/24/97    aliu        Added getDefaultDataDirectory() and
-*                            getDefaultLocaleID().
-*   04/28/97    aliu        Rewritten to assume Unix and apply general methods
-*                            for assumed case.  Non-UNIX platforms must be
-*                            special-cased.  Rewrote numeric methods dealing
-*                            with NaN and Infinity to be platform independent
-*                             over all IEEE 754 platforms.
-*   05/13/97    aliu        Restored sign of timezone
-*                            (semantics are hours West of GMT)
-*   06/16/98    erm         Added IEEE_754 stuff, cleaned up isInfinite, isNan,
-*                             nextDouble..
-*   07/22/98    stephen     Added remainder, max, min, trunc
-*   08/13/98    stephen     Added isNegativeInfinity, isPositiveInfinity
-*   08/24/98    stephen     Added longBitsFromDouble
-*   09/08/98    stephen     Minor changes for Mac Port
-*   03/02/99    stephen     Removed openFile().  Added AS400 support.
-*                            Fixed EBCDIC tables
-*   04/15/99    stephen     Converted to C.
-*   06/28/99    stephen     Removed mutex locking in u_isBigEndian().
-*   08/04/99    jeffrey R.  Added OS/2 changes
-*   11/15/99    helena      Integrated S/390 IEEE support.
-*   04/26/01    Barry N.    OS/400 support for uprv_getDefaultLocaleID
-*   08/15/01    Steven H.   OS/400 support for uprv_getDefaultCodepage
-*   01/03/08    Steven L.   Fake Time Support
-******************************************************************************
-*/
-
-/* Define _XOPEN_SOURCE for Solaris and friends. */
-/* NetBSD needs it to be >= 4 */
-#if !defined(_XOPEN_SOURCE)
-#if __STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901L
-/* It is invalid to compile an XPG3, XPG4, XPG4v2 or XPG5 application using c99 on Solaris */
-#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600
-#else
-#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 4
-#endif
-#endif
-
-/* Make sure things like readlink and such functions work. 
-Poorly upgraded Solaris machines can't have this defined.
-Cleanly installed Solaris can use this #define.
-*/
-#if !defined(_XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED) && (!defined(__STDC_VERSION__) || __STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901L)
-#define _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED 1
-#endif
-
-/* include ICU headers */
-#include "unicode/utypes.h"
-#include "unicode/putil.h"
-#include "unicode/ustring.h"
-#include "putilimp.h"
-#include "uassert.h"
-#include "umutex.h"
-#include "cmemory.h"
-#include "cstring.h"
-#include "locmap.h"
-#include "ucln_cmn.h"
-
-/* Include standard headers. */
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include <math.h>
-#include <locale.h>
-#include <float.h>
-#include <time.h>
-
-/* include system headers */
-#ifdef U_WINDOWS
-#   define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
-#   define VC_EXTRALEAN
-#   define NOUSER
-#   define NOSERVICE
-#   define NOIME
-#   define NOMCX
-#   include <windows.h>
-#   include "wintz.h"
-#elif defined(U_CYGWIN) && defined(__STRICT_ANSI__)
-/* tzset isn't defined in strict ANSI on Cygwin. */
-#   undef __STRICT_ANSI__
-#elif defined(OS400)
-#   include <float.h>
-#   include <qusec.h>       /* error code structure */
-#   include <qusrjobi.h>
-#   include <qliept.h>      /* EPT_CALL macro  - this include must be after all other "QSYSINCs" */
-#   include <mih/testptr.h> /* For uprv_maximumPtr */
-#elif defined(XP_MAC)
-#   include <Files.h>
-#   include <IntlResources.h>
-#   include <Script.h>
-#   include <Folders.h>
-#   include <MacTypes.h>
-#   include <TextUtils.h>
-#   define ICU_NO_USER_DATA_OVERRIDE 1
-#elif defined(OS390)
-#include "unicode/ucnv.h"   /* Needed for UCNV_SWAP_LFNL_OPTION_STRING */
-#elif defined(U_DARWIN) || defined(U_LINUX) || defined(U_BSD)
-#include <limits.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-#elif defined(U_QNX)
-#include <sys/neutrino.h>
-#endif
-
-#ifndef U_WINDOWS
-#include <sys/time.h> 
-#endif
-
-/*
- * Only include langinfo.h if we have a way to get the codeset. If we later
- * depend on more feature, we can test on U_HAVE_NL_LANGINFO.
- *
- */
-
-#if U_HAVE_NL_LANGINFO_CODESET
-#include <langinfo.h>
-#endif
-
-/* Define the extension for data files, again... */
-#define DATA_TYPE "dat"
-
-/* Leave this copyright notice here! */
-static const char copyright[] = U_COPYRIGHT_STRING;
-
-/* floating point implementations ------------------------------------------- */
-
-/* We return QNAN rather than SNAN*/
-#define SIGN 0x80000000U
-
-/* Make it easy to define certain types of constants */
-typedef union {
-    int64_t i64; /* This must be defined first in order to allow the initialization to work. This is a C89 feature. */
-    double d64;
-} BitPatternConversion;
-static const BitPatternConversion gNan = { (int64_t) INT64_C(0x7FF8000000000000) };
-static const BitPatternConversion gInf = { (int64_t) INT64_C(0x7FF0000000000000) };
-
-/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-  Platform utilities
-  Our general strategy is to assume we're on a POSIX platform.  Platforms which
-  are non-POSIX must declare themselves so.  The default POSIX implementation
-  will sometimes work for non-POSIX platforms as well (e.g., the NaN-related
-  functions).
-  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-
-#if defined(U_WINDOWS) || defined(XP_MAC) || defined(OS400)
-#   undef U_POSIX_LOCALE
-#else
-#   define U_POSIX_LOCALE    1
-#endif
-
-/*
-    WARNING! u_topNBytesOfDouble and u_bottomNBytesOfDouble
-    can't be properly optimized by the gcc compiler sometimes (i.e. gcc 3.2).
-*/
-#if !IEEE_754
-static char*
-u_topNBytesOfDouble(double* d, int n)
-{
-#if U_IS_BIG_ENDIAN
-    return (char*)d;
-#else
-    return (char*)(d + 1) - n;
-#endif
-}
-#endif
-
-static char*
-u_bottomNBytesOfDouble(double* d, int n)
-{
-#if U_IS_BIG_ENDIAN
-    return (char*)(d + 1) - n;
-#else
-    return (char*)d;
-#endif
-}
-
-#if defined (U_DEBUG_FAKETIME)
-/* Override the clock to test things without having to move the system clock. 
- * Assumes POSIX gettimeofday() will function
- */
-UDate fakeClock_t0 = 0; /** Time to start the clock from **/
-UDate fakeClock_dt = 0; /** Offset (fake time - real time) **/
-UBool fakeClock_set = FALSE; /** True if fake clock has spun up **/
-static UMTX fakeClockMutex = NULL;
-
-static UDate getUTCtime_real() {
-    struct timeval posixTime;
-    gettimeofday(&posixTime, NULL);
-    return (UDate)(((int64_t)posixTime.tv_sec * U_MILLIS_PER_SECOND) + (posixTime.tv_usec/1000));
-}
-
-static UDate getUTCtime_fake() {
-    umtx_lock(&fakeClockMutex);
-    if(!fakeClock_set) {
-        UDate real = getUTCtime_real();
-        const char *fake_start = getenv("U_FAKETIME_START");
-        if(fake_start!=NULL) {
-            sscanf(fake_start,"%lf",&fakeClock_t0);
-        }
-        fakeClock_dt = fakeClock_t0 - real;
-        fprintf(stderr,"U_DEBUG_FAKETIME was set at compile time, so the ICU clock will start at a preset value\n"
-                       "U_FAKETIME_START=%.0f (%s) for an offset of %.0f ms from the current time %.0f\n",
-                            fakeClock_t0, fake_start, fakeClock_dt, real);
-        fakeClock_set = TRUE;
-    }
-    umtx_unlock(&fakeClockMutex);
-    
-    return getUTCtime_real() + fakeClock_dt;
-}
-#endif
-
-#if defined(U_WINDOWS)
-typedef union {
-    int64_t int64;
-    FILETIME fileTime;
-} FileTimeConversion;   /* This is like a ULARGE_INTEGER */
-
-/* Number of 100 nanoseconds from 1/1/1601 to 1/1/1970 */
-#define EPOCH_BIAS  INT64_C(116444736000000000)
-#define HECTONANOSECOND_PER_MILLISECOND   10000
-
-#endif
-
-/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-  Universal Implementations
-  These are designed to work on all platforms.  Try these, and if they
-  don't work on your platform, then special case your platform with new
-  implementations.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-
-/* Return UTC (GMT) time measured in milliseconds since 0:00 on 1/1/70.*/
-U_CAPI UDate U_EXPORT2
-uprv_getUTCtime()
-{
-#if defined(U_DEBUG_FAKETIME)
-    return getUTCtime_fake(); /* Hook for overriding the clock */
-#elif defined(XP_MAC)
-    time_t t, t1, t2;
-    struct tm tmrec;
-
-    uprv_memset( &tmrec, 0, sizeof(tmrec) );
-    tmrec.tm_year = 70;
-    tmrec.tm_mon = 0;
-    tmrec.tm_mday = 1;
-    t1 = mktime(&tmrec);    /* seconds of 1/1/1970*/
-
-    time(&t);
-    uprv_memcpy( &tmrec, gmtime(&t), sizeof(tmrec) );
-    t2 = mktime(&tmrec);    /* seconds of current GMT*/
-    return (UDate)(t2 - t1) * U_MILLIS_PER_SECOND;         /* GMT (or UTC) in seconds since 1970*/
-#elif defined(U_WINDOWS)
-
-    FileTimeConversion winTime;
-    GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&winTime.fileTime);
-    return (UDate)((winTime.int64 - EPOCH_BIAS) / HECTONANOSECOND_PER_MILLISECOND);
-#else
-/*
-    struct timeval posixTime;
-    gettimeofday(&posixTime, NULL);
-    return (UDate)(((int64_t)posixTime.tv_sec * U_MILLIS_PER_SECOND) + (posixTime.tv_usec/1000));
-*/
-    time_t epochtime;
-    time(&epochtime);
-    return (UDate)epochtime * U_MILLIS_PER_SECOND;
-#endif
-}
-
-/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-  IEEE 754
-  These methods detect and return NaN and infinity values for doubles
-  conforming to IEEE 754.  Platforms which support this standard include X86,
-  Mac 680x0, Mac PowerPC, AIX RS/6000, and most others.
-  If this doesn't work on your platform, you have non-IEEE floating-point, and
-  will need to code your own versions.  A naive implementation is to return 0.0
-  for getNaN and getInfinity, and false for isNaN and isInfinite.
-  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-
-U_CAPI UBool U_EXPORT2
-uprv_isNaN(double number)
-{
-#if IEEE_754
-    BitPatternConversion convertedNumber;
-    convertedNumber.d64 = number;
-    /* Infinity is 0x7FF0000000000000U. Anything greater than that is a NaN */
-    return (UBool)((convertedNumber.i64 & U_INT64_MAX) > gInf.i64);
-
-#elif defined(OS390)
-    uint32_t highBits = *(uint32_t*)u_topNBytesOfDouble(&number,
-                        sizeof(uint32_t));
-    uint32_t lowBits  = *(uint32_t*)u_bottomNBytesOfDouble(&number,
-                        sizeof(uint32_t));
-
-    return ((highBits & 0x7F080000L) == 0x7F080000L) &&
-      (lowBits == 0x00000000L);
-
-#else
-    /* If your platform doesn't support IEEE 754 but *does* have an NaN value,*/
-    /* you'll need to replace this default implementation with what's correct*/
-    /* for your platform.*/
-    return number != number;
-#endif
-}
-
-U_CAPI UBool U_EXPORT2
-uprv_isInfinite(double number)
-{
-#if IEEE_754
-    BitPatternConversion convertedNumber;
-    convertedNumber.d64 = number;
-    /* Infinity is exactly 0x7FF0000000000000U. */
-    return (UBool)((convertedNumber.i64 & U_INT64_MAX) == gInf.i64);
-#elif defined(OS390)
-    uint32_t highBits = *(uint32_t*)u_topNBytesOfDouble(&number,
-                        sizeof(uint32_t));
-    uint32_t lowBits  = *(uint32_t*)u_bottomNBytesOfDouble(&number,
-                        sizeof(uint32_t));
-
-    return ((highBits  & ~SIGN) == 0x70FF0000L) && (lowBits == 0x00000000L);
-
-#else
-    /* If your platform doesn't support IEEE 754 but *does* have an infinity*/
-    /* value, you'll need to replace this default implementation with what's*/
-    /* correct for your platform.*/
-    return number == (2.0 * number);
-#endif
-}
-
-U_CAPI UBool U_EXPORT2
-uprv_isPositiveInfinity(double number)
-{
-#if IEEE_754 || defined(OS390)
-    return (UBool)(number > 0 && uprv_isInfinite(number));
-#else
-    return uprv_isInfinite(number);
-#endif
-}
-
-U_CAPI UBool U_EXPORT2
-uprv_isNegativeInfinity(double number)
-{
-#if IEEE_754 || defined(OS390)
-    return (UBool)(number < 0 && uprv_isInfinite(number));
-
-#else
-    uint32_t highBits = *(uint32_t*)u_topNBytesOfDouble(&number,
-                        sizeof(uint32_t));
-    return((highBits & SIGN) && uprv_isInfinite(number));
-
-#endif
-}
-
-U_CAPI double U_EXPORT2
-uprv_getNaN()
-{
-#if IEEE_754 || defined(OS390)
-    return gNan.d64;
-#else
-    /* If your platform doesn't support IEEE 754 but *does* have an NaN value,*/
-    /* you'll need to replace this default implementation with what's correct*/
-    /* for your platform.*/
-    return 0.0;
-#endif
-}
-
-U_CAPI double U_EXPORT2
-uprv_getInfinity()
-{
-#if IEEE_754 || defined(OS390)
-    return gInf.d64;
-#else
-    /* If your platform doesn't support IEEE 754 but *does* have an infinity*/
-    /* value, you'll need to replace this default implementation with what's*/
-    /* correct for your platform.*/
-    return 0.0;
-#endif
-}
-
-U_CAPI double U_EXPORT2
-uprv_floor(double x)
-{
-    return floor(x);
-}
-
-U_CAPI double U_EXPORT2
-uprv_ceil(double x)
-{
-    return ceil(x);
-}
-
-U_CAPI double U_EXPORT2
-uprv_round(double x)
-{
-    return uprv_floor(x + 0.5);
-}
-
-U_CAPI double U_EXPORT2
-uprv_fabs(double x)
-{
-    return fabs(x);
-}
-
-U_CAPI double U_EXPORT2
-uprv_modf(double x, double* y)
-{
-    return modf(x, y);
-}
-
-U_CAPI double U_EXPORT2
-uprv_fmod(double x, double y)
-{
-    return fmod(x, y);
-}
-
-U_CAPI double U_EXPORT2
-uprv_pow(double x, double y)
-{
-    /* This is declared as "double pow(double x, double y)" */
-    return pow(x, y);
-}
-
-U_CAPI double U_EXPORT2
-uprv_pow10(int32_t x)
-{
-    return pow(10.0, (double)x);
-}
-
-U_CAPI double U_EXPORT2
-uprv_fmax(double x, double y)
-{
-#if IEEE_754
-    int32_t lowBits;
-
-    /* first handle NaN*/
-    if(uprv_isNaN(x) || uprv_isNaN(y))
-        return uprv_getNaN();
-
-    /* check for -0 and 0*/
-    lowBits = *(uint32_t*) u_bottomNBytesOfDouble(&x, sizeof(uint32_t));
-    if(x == 0.0 && y == 0.0 && (lowBits & SIGN))
-        return y;
-
-#endif
-
-    /* this should work for all flt point w/o NaN and Infpecial cases */
-    return (x > y ? x : y);
-}
-
-U_CAPI double U_EXPORT2
-uprv_fmin(double x, double y)
-{
-#if IEEE_754
-    int32_t lowBits;
-
-    /* first handle NaN*/
-    if(uprv_isNaN(x) || uprv_isNaN(y))
-        return uprv_getNaN();
-
-    /* check for -0 and 0*/
-    lowBits = *(uint32_t*) u_bottomNBytesOfDouble(&y, sizeof(uint32_t));
-    if(x == 0.0 && y == 0.0 && (lowBits & SIGN))
-        return y;
-
-#endif
-
-    /* this should work for all flt point w/o NaN and Inf special cases */
-    return (x > y ? y : x);
-}
-
-/**
- * Truncates the given double.
- * trunc(3.3) = 3.0, trunc (-3.3) = -3.0
- * This is different than calling floor() or ceil():
- * floor(3.3) = 3, floor(-3.3) = -4
- * ceil(3.3) = 4, ceil(-3.3) = -3
- */
-U_CAPI double U_EXPORT2
-uprv_trunc(double d)
-{
-#if IEEE_754
-    int32_t lowBits;
-
-    /* handle error cases*/
-    if(uprv_isNaN(d))
-        return uprv_getNaN();
-    if(uprv_isInfinite(d))
-        return uprv_getInfinity();
-
-    lowBits = *(uint32_t*) u_bottomNBytesOfDouble(&d, sizeof(uint32_t));
-    if( (d == 0.0 && (lowBits & SIGN)) || d < 0)
-        return ceil(d);
-    else
-        return floor(d);
-
-#else
-    return d >= 0 ? floor(d) : ceil(d);
-
-#endif
-}
-
-/**
- * Return the largest positive number that can be represented by an integer
- * type of arbitrary bit length.
- */
-U_CAPI double U_EXPORT2
-uprv_maxMantissa(void)
-{
-    return pow(2.0, DBL_MANT_DIG + 1.0) - 1.0;
-}
-
-U_CAPI double U_EXPORT2
-uprv_log(double d)
-{
-    return log(d);
-}
-
-U_CAPI void * U_EXPORT2
-uprv_maximumPtr(void * base)
-{
-#if defined(OS400)
-    /*
-     * With the provided function we should never be out of range of a given segment 
-     * (a traditional/typical segment that is).  Our segments have 5 bytes for the
-     * id and 3 bytes for the offset.  The key is that the casting takes care of
-     * only retrieving the offset portion minus x1000.  Hence, the smallest offset
-     * seen in a program is x001000 and when casted to an int would be 0.
-     * That's why we can only add 0xffefff.  Otherwise, we would exceed the segment.
-     *
-     * Currently, 16MB is the current addressing limitation on i5/OS if the activation is 
-     * non-TERASPACE.  If it is TERASPACE it is 2GB - 4k(header information).
-     * This function determines the activation based on the pointer that is passed in and 
-     * calculates the appropriate maximum available size for 
-     * each pointer type (TERASPACE and non-TERASPACE)
-     *
-     * Unlike other operating systems, the pointer model isn't determined at
-     * compile time on i5/OS.
-     */
-    if ((base != NULL) && (_TESTPTR(base, _C_TERASPACE_CHECK))) {
-        /* if it is a TERASPACE pointer the max is 2GB - 4k */
-        return ((void *)(((char *)base)-((uint32_t)(base))+((uint32_t)0x7fffefff)));
-    }
-    /* otherwise 16MB since NULL ptr is not checkable or the ptr is not TERASPACE */
-    return ((void *)(((char *)base)-((uint32_t)(base))+((uint32_t)0xffefff)));
-
-#else
-    return U_MAX_PTR(base); 
-#endif
-}
-
-/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-  Platform-specific Implementations
-  Try these, and if they don't work on your platform, then special case your
-  platform with new implementations.
-  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-
-/* Generic time zone layer -------------------------------------------------- */
-
-/* Time zone utilities */
-U_CAPI void U_EXPORT2
-uprv_tzset()
-{
-#ifdef U_TZSET
-    U_TZSET();
-#else
-    /* no initialization*/
-#endif
-}
-
-U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2
-uprv_timezone()
-{
-#ifdef U_TIMEZONE
-    return U_TIMEZONE;
-#else
-    time_t t, t1, t2;
-    struct tm tmrec;
-    UBool dst_checked;
-    int32_t tdiff = 0;
-
-    time(&t);
-    uprv_memcpy( &tmrec, localtime(&t), sizeof(tmrec) );
-    dst_checked = (tmrec.tm_isdst != 0); /* daylight savings time is checked*/
-    t1 = mktime(&tmrec);                 /* local time in seconds*/
-    uprv_memcpy( &tmrec, gmtime(&t), sizeof(tmrec) );
-    t2 = mktime(&tmrec);                 /* GMT (or UTC) in seconds*/
-    tdiff = t2 - t1;
-    /* imitate NT behaviour, which returns same timezone offset to GMT for
-       winter and summer*/
-    if (dst_checked)
-        tdiff += 3600;
-    return tdiff;
-#endif
-}
-
-/* Note that U_TZNAME does *not* have to be tzname, but if it is,
-   some platforms need to have it declared here. */ 
-
-#if defined(U_TZNAME) && (defined(U_IRIX) || defined(U_DARWIN) || defined(U_CYGWIN))
-/* RS6000 and others reject char **tzname.  */
-extern U_IMPORT char *U_TZNAME[];
-#endif
-
-#if !UCONFIG_NO_FILE_IO && (defined(U_DARWIN) || defined(U_LINUX) || defined(U_BSD))
-/* These platforms are likely to use Olson timezone IDs. */
-#define CHECK_LOCALTIME_LINK 1
-#if defined(U_DARWIN)
-#include <tzfile.h>
-#define TZZONEINFO      (TZDIR "/")
-#else
-#define TZDEFAULT       "/etc/localtime"
-#define TZZONEINFO      "/usr/share/zoneinfo/"
-#endif
-static char gTimeZoneBuffer[PATH_MAX];
-static char *gTimeZoneBufferPtr = NULL;
-#endif
-
-#ifndef U_WINDOWS
-#define isNonDigit(ch) (ch < '0' || '9' < ch)
-static UBool isValidOlsonID(const char *id) {
-    int32_t idx = 0;
-
-    /* Determine if this is something like Iceland (Olson ID)
-    or AST4ADT (non-Olson ID) */
-    while (id[idx] && isNonDigit(id[idx]) && id[idx] != ',') {
-        idx++;
-    }
-
-    /* If we went through the whole string, then it might be okay.
-    The timezone is sometimes set to "CST-7CDT", "CST6CDT5,J129,J131/19:30",
-    "GRNLNDST3GRNLNDDT" or similar, so we cannot use it.
-    The rest of the time it could be an Olson ID. George */
-    return (UBool)(id[idx] == 0
-        || uprv_strcmp(id, "PST8PDT") == 0
-        || uprv_strcmp(id, "MST7MDT") == 0
-        || uprv_strcmp(id, "CST6CDT") == 0
-        || uprv_strcmp(id, "EST5EDT") == 0);
-}
-#endif
-
-#if defined(U_TZNAME) && !defined(U_WINDOWS)
-
-#define CONVERT_HOURS_TO_SECONDS(offset) (int32_t)(offset*3600)
-typedef struct OffsetZoneMapping {
-    int32_t offsetSeconds;
-    int32_t daylightType; /* 1=daylight in June, 2=daylight in December*/
-    const char *stdID;
-    const char *dstID;
-    const char *olsonID;
-} OffsetZoneMapping;
-
-/*
-This list tries to disambiguate a set of abbreviated timezone IDs and offsets
-and maps it to an Olson ID.
-Before adding anything to this list, take a look at
-icu/source/tools/tzcode/tz.alias
-Sometimes no daylight savings (0) is important to define due to aliases.
-This list can be tested with icu/source/test/compat/tzone.pl
-More values could be added to daylightType to increase precision.
-*/
-static const struct OffsetZoneMapping OFFSET_ZONE_MAPPINGS[] = {
-    {-45900, 2, "CHAST", "CHADT", "Pacific/Chatham"},
-    {-43200, 1, "PETT", "PETST", "Asia/Kamchatka"},
-    {-43200, 2, "NZST", "NZDT", "Pacific/Auckland"},
-    {-43200, 1, "ANAT", "ANAST", "Asia/Anadyr"},
-    {-39600, 1, "MAGT", "MAGST", "Asia/Magadan"},
-    {-37800, 2, "LHST", "LHST", "Australia/Lord_Howe"},
-    {-36000, 2, "EST", "EST", "Australia/Sydney"},
-    {-36000, 1, "SAKT", "SAKST", "Asia/Sakhalin"},
-    {-36000, 1, "VLAT", "VLAST", "Asia/Vladivostok"},
-    {-34200, 2, "CST", "CST", "Australia/South"},
-    {-32400, 1, "YAKT", "YAKST", "Asia/Yakutsk"},
-    {-32400, 1, "CHOT", "CHOST", "Asia/Choibalsan"},
-    {-31500, 2, "CWST", "CWST", "Australia/Eucla"},
-    {-28800, 1, "IRKT", "IRKST", "Asia/Irkutsk"},
-    {-28800, 1, "ULAT", "ULAST", "Asia/Ulaanbaatar"},
-    {-28800, 2, "WST", "WST", "Australia/West"},
-    {-25200, 1, "HOVT", "HOVST", "Asia/Hovd"},
-    {-25200, 1, "KRAT", "KRAST", "Asia/Krasnoyarsk"},
-    {-21600, 1, "NOVT", "NOVST", "Asia/Novosibirsk"},
-    {-21600, 1, "OMST", "OMSST", "Asia/Omsk"},
-    {-18000, 1, "YEKT", "YEKST", "Asia/Yekaterinburg"},
-    {-14400, 1, "SAMT", "SAMST", "Europe/Samara"},
-    {-14400, 1, "AMT", "AMST", "Asia/Yerevan"},
-    {-14400, 1, "AZT", "AZST", "Asia/Baku"},
-    {-10800, 1, "AST", "ADT", "Asia/Baghdad"},
-    {-10800, 1, "MSK", "MSD", "Europe/Moscow"},
-    {-10800, 1, "VOLT", "VOLST", "Europe/Volgograd"},
-    {-7200, 0, "EET", "CEST", "Africa/Tripoli"},
-    {-7200, 1, "EET", "EEST", "Europe/Athens"}, /* Conflicts with Africa/Cairo */
-    {-7200, 1, "IST", "IDT", "Asia/Jerusalem"},
-    {-3600, 0, "CET", "WEST", "Africa/Algiers"},
-    {-3600, 2, "WAT", "WAST", "Africa/Windhoek"},
-    {0, 1, "GMT", "IST", "Europe/Dublin"},
-    {0, 1, "GMT", "BST", "Europe/London"},
-    {0, 0, "WET", "WEST", "Africa/Casablanca"},
-    {0, 0, "WET", "WET", "Africa/El_Aaiun"},
-    {3600, 1, "AZOT", "AZOST", "Atlantic/Azores"},
-    {3600, 1, "EGT", "EGST", "America/Scoresbysund"},
-    {10800, 1, "PMST", "PMDT", "America/Miquelon"},
-    {10800, 2, "UYT", "UYST", "America/Montevideo"},
-    {10800, 1, "WGT", "WGST", "America/Godthab"},
-    {10800, 2, "BRT", "BRST", "Brazil/East"},
-    {12600, 1, "NST", "NDT", "America/St_Johns"},
-    {14400, 1, "AST", "ADT", "Canada/Atlantic"},
-    {14400, 2, "AMT", "AMST", "America/Cuiaba"},
-    {14400, 2, "CLT", "CLST", "Chile/Continental"},
-    {14400, 2, "FKT", "FKST", "Atlantic/Stanley"},
-    {14400, 2, "PYT", "PYST", "America/Asuncion"},
-    {18000, 1, "CST", "CDT", "America/Havana"},
-    {18000, 1, "EST", "EDT", "US/Eastern"}, /* Conflicts with America/Grand_Turk */
-    {21600, 2, "EAST", "EASST", "Chile/EasterIsland"},
-    {21600, 0, "CST", "MDT", "Canada/Saskatchewan"},
-    {21600, 0, "CST", "CDT", "America/Guatemala"},
-    {21600, 1, "CST", "CDT", "US/Central"}, /* Conflicts with Mexico/General */
-    {25200, 1, "MST", "MDT", "US/Mountain"}, /* Conflicts with Mexico/BajaSur */
-    {28800, 0, "PST", "PST", "Pacific/Pitcairn"},
-    {28800, 1, "PST", "PDT", "US/Pacific"}, /* Conflicts with Mexico/BajaNorte */
-    {32400, 1, "AKST", "AKDT", "US/Alaska"},
-    {36000, 1, "HAST", "HADT", "US/Aleutian"}
-};
-
-/*#define DEBUG_TZNAME*/
-
-static const char* remapShortTimeZone(const char *stdID, const char *dstID, int32_t daylightType, int32_t offset)
-{
-    int32_t idx;
-#ifdef DEBUG_TZNAME
-    fprintf(stderr, "TZ=%s std=%s dst=%s daylight=%d offset=%d\n", getenv("TZ"), stdID, dstID, daylightType, offset);
-#endif
-    for (idx = 0; idx < (int32_t)sizeof(OFFSET_ZONE_MAPPINGS)/sizeof(OFFSET_ZONE_MAPPINGS[0]); idx++)
-    {
-        if (offset == OFFSET_ZONE_MAPPINGS[idx].offsetSeconds
-            && daylightType == OFFSET_ZONE_MAPPINGS[idx].daylightType
-            && strcmp(OFFSET_ZONE_MAPPINGS[idx].stdID, stdID) == 0
-            && strcmp(OFFSET_ZONE_MAPPINGS[idx].dstID, dstID) == 0)
-        {
-            return OFFSET_ZONE_MAPPINGS[idx].olsonID;
-        }
-    }
-    return NULL;
-}
-#endif
-
-U_CAPI const char* U_EXPORT2
-uprv_tzname(int n)
-{
-    const char *tzid = NULL;
-#ifdef U_WINDOWS
-    tzid = uprv_detectWindowsTimeZone();
-
-    if (tzid != NULL) {
-        return tzid;
-    }
-#else
-
-/*#if defined(U_DARWIN)
-    int ret;
-
-    tzid = getenv("TZFILE");
-    if (tzid != NULL) {
-        return tzid;
-    }
-#endif*/
-
-/* This code can be temporarily disabled to test tzname resolution later on. */
-#ifndef DEBUG_TZNAME
-    tzid = getenv("TZ");
-    if (tzid != NULL && isValidOlsonID(tzid))
-    {
-        /* This might be a good Olson ID. */
-        if (uprv_strncmp(tzid, "posix/", 6) == 0
-            || uprv_strncmp(tzid, "right/", 6) == 0)
-        {
-            /* Remove the posix/ or right/ prefix. */
-            tzid += 6;
-        }
-        return tzid;
-    }
-    /* else U_TZNAME will give a better result. */
-#endif
-
-#if defined(CHECK_LOCALTIME_LINK)
-    /* Caller must handle threading issues */
-    if (gTimeZoneBufferPtr == NULL) {
-        /*
-        This is a trick to look at the name of the link to get the Olson ID
-        because the tzfile contents is underspecified.
-        This isn't guaranteed to work because it may not be a symlink.
-        */
-        int32_t ret = (int32_t)readlink(TZDEFAULT, gTimeZoneBuffer, sizeof(gTimeZoneBuffer));
-        if (0 < ret) {
-            int32_t tzZoneInfoLen = uprv_strlen(TZZONEINFO);
-            gTimeZoneBuffer[ret] = 0;
-            if (uprv_strncmp(gTimeZoneBuffer, TZZONEINFO, tzZoneInfoLen) == 0
-                && isValidOlsonID(gTimeZoneBuffer + tzZoneInfoLen))
-            {
-                return (gTimeZoneBufferPtr = gTimeZoneBuffer + tzZoneInfoLen);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    else {
-        return gTimeZoneBufferPtr;
-    }
-#endif
-#endif
-
-#ifdef U_TZNAME
-#if !defined(U_WINDOWS)
-    /*
-    U_TZNAME is usually a non-unique abbreviation, which isn't normally usable.
-    So we remap the abbreviation to an olson ID.
-
-    Since Windows exposes a little more timezone information,
-    we normally don't use this code on Windows because
-    uprv_detectWindowsTimeZone should have already given the correct answer.
-    */
-    {
-        struct tm juneSol, decemberSol;
-        int daylightType;
-        static const time_t juneSolstice=1182478260; /*2007-06-21 18:11 UT*/
-        static const time_t decemberSolstice=1198332540; /*2007-12-22 06:09 UT*/
-
-        /* This probing will tell us when daylight savings occurs.  */
-        localtime_r(&juneSolstice, &juneSol);
-        localtime_r(&decemberSolstice, &decemberSol);
-        daylightType = ((decemberSol.tm_isdst > 0) << 1) | (juneSol.tm_isdst > 0);
-        tzid = remapShortTimeZone(U_TZNAME[0], U_TZNAME[1], daylightType, uprv_timezone());
-        if (tzid != NULL) {
-            return tzid;
-        }
-    }
-#endif
-    return U_TZNAME[n];
-#else
-    return "";
-#endif
-}
-
-/* Get and set the ICU data directory --------------------------------------- */
-
-static char *gDataDirectory = NULL;
-#if U_POSIX_LOCALE
- static char *gCorrectedPOSIXLocale = NULL; /* Heap allocated */
-#endif
-
-static UBool U_CALLCONV putil_cleanup(void)
-{
-    if (gDataDirectory && *gDataDirectory) {
-        uprv_free(gDataDirectory);
-    }
-    gDataDirectory = NULL;
-#if U_POSIX_LOCALE
-    if (gCorrectedPOSIXLocale) {
-        uprv_free(gCorrectedPOSIXLocale);
-        gCorrectedPOSIXLocale = NULL;
-    }
-#endif
-    return TRUE;
-}
-
-/*
- * Set the data directory.
- *    Make a copy of the passed string, and set the global data dir to point to it.
- *    TODO:  see bug #2849, regarding thread safety.
- */
-U_CAPI void U_EXPORT2
-u_setDataDirectory(const char *directory) {
-    char *newDataDir;
-    int32_t length;
-
-    if(directory==NULL || *directory==0) {
-        /* A small optimization to prevent the malloc and copy when the
-        shared library is used, and this is a way to make sure that NULL
-        is never returned.
-        */
-        newDataDir = (char *)"";
-    }
-    else {
-        length=(int32_t)uprv_strlen(directory);
-        newDataDir = (char *)uprv_malloc(length + 2);
-        /* Exit out if newDataDir could not be created. */
-        if (newDataDir == NULL) {
-            return;
-        }
-        uprv_strcpy(newDataDir, directory);
-
-#if (U_FILE_SEP_CHAR != U_FILE_ALT_SEP_CHAR)
-        {
-            char *p;
-            while(p = uprv_strchr(newDataDir, U_FILE_ALT_SEP_CHAR)) {
-                *p = U_FILE_SEP_CHAR;
-            }
-        }
-#endif
-    }
-
-    umtx_lock(NULL);
-    if (gDataDirectory && *gDataDirectory) {
-        uprv_free(gDataDirectory);
-    }
-    gDataDirectory = newDataDir;
-    ucln_common_registerCleanup(UCLN_COMMON_PUTIL, putil_cleanup);
-    umtx_unlock(NULL);
-}
-
-U_CAPI UBool U_EXPORT2
-uprv_pathIsAbsolute(const char *path) 
-{
-  if(!path || !*path) { 
-    return FALSE; 
-  }
-
-  if(*path == U_FILE_SEP_CHAR) {
-    return TRUE;
-  }
-
-#if (U_FILE_SEP_CHAR != U_FILE_ALT_SEP_CHAR)
-  if(*path == U_FILE_ALT_SEP_CHAR) {
-    return TRUE;
-  }
-#endif
-
-#if defined(U_WINDOWS)
-  if( (((path[0] >= 'A') && (path[0] <= 'Z')) ||
-       ((path[0] >= 'a') && (path[0] <= 'z'))) &&
-      path[1] == ':' ) {
-    return TRUE;
-  }
-#endif
-
-  return FALSE;
-}
-
-U_CAPI const char * U_EXPORT2
-u_getDataDirectory(void) {
-    const char *path = NULL;
-
-    /* if we have the directory, then return it immediately */
-    UMTX_CHECK(NULL, gDataDirectory, path);
-
-    if(path) {
-        return path;
-    }
-
-    /*
-    When ICU_NO_USER_DATA_OVERRIDE is defined, users aren't allowed to
-    override ICU's data with the ICU_DATA environment variable. This prevents
-    problems where multiple custom copies of ICU's specific version of data
-    are installed on a system. Either the application must define the data
-    directory with u_setDataDirectory, define ICU_DATA_DIR when compiling
-    ICU, set the data with udata_setCommonData or trust that all of the
-    required data is contained in ICU's data library that contains
-    the entry point defined by U_ICUDATA_ENTRY_POINT.
-
-    There may also be some platforms where environment variables
-    are not allowed.
-    */
-#   if !defined(ICU_NO_USER_DATA_OVERRIDE) && !UCONFIG_NO_FILE_IO
-    /* First try to get the environment variable */
-    path=getenv("ICU_DATA");
-#   endif
-
-    /* ICU_DATA_DIR may be set as a compile option */
-#   ifdef ICU_DATA_DIR
-    if(path==NULL || *path==0) {
-        path=ICU_DATA_DIR;
-    }
-#   endif
-
-    if(path==NULL) {
-        /* It looks really bad, set it to something. */
-        path = "";
-    }
-
-    u_setDataDirectory(path);
-    return gDataDirectory;
-}
-
-
-
-
-
-/* Macintosh-specific locale information ------------------------------------ */
-#ifdef XP_MAC
-
-typedef struct {
-    int32_t script;
-    int32_t region;
-    int32_t lang;
-    int32_t date_region;
-    const char* posixID;
-} mac_lc_rec;
-
-/* Todo: This will be updated with a newer version from www.unicode.org web
-   page when it's available.*/
-#define MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER -5
-#define MAC_LC_INIT_NUMBER -9
-
-static const mac_lc_rec mac_lc_recs[] = {
-    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 0, "en_US",
-    /* United States*/
-    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 1, "fr_FR",
-    /* France*/
-    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 2, "en_GB",
-    /* Great Britain*/
-    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 3, "de_DE",
-    /* Germany*/
-    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 4, "it_IT",
-    /* Italy*/
-    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 5, "nl_NL",
-    /* Metherlands*/
-    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 6, "fr_BE",
-    /* French for Belgium or Lxembourg*/
-    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 7, "sv_SE",
-    /* Sweden*/
-    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 9, "da_DK",
-    /* Denmark*/
-    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 10, "pt_PT",
-    /* Portugal*/
-    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 11, "fr_CA",
-    /* French Canada*/
-    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 13, "is_IS",
-    /* Israel*/
-    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 14, "ja_JP",
-    /* Japan*/
-    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 15, "en_AU",
-    /* Australia*/
-    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 16, "ar_AE",
-    /* the Arabic world (?)*/
-    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 17, "fi_FI",
-    /* Finland*/
-    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 18, "fr_CH",
-    /* French for Switzerland*/
-    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 19, "de_CH",
-    /* German for Switzerland*/
-    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 20, "el_GR",
-    /* Greece*/
-    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 21, "is_IS",
-    /* Iceland ===*/
-    /*MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 22, "",*/
-    /* Malta ===*/
-    /*MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 23, "",*/
-    /* Cyprus ===*/
-    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 24, "tr_TR",
-    /* Turkey ===*/
-    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 25, "sh_YU",
-    /* Croatian system for Yugoslavia*/
-    /*MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 33, "",*/
-    /* Hindi system for India*/
-    /*MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 34, "",*/
-    /* Pakistan*/
-    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 41, "lt_LT",
-    /* Lithuania*/
-    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 42, "pl_PL",
-    /* Poland*/
-    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 43, "hu_HU",
-    /* Hungary*/
-    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 44, "et_EE",
-    /* Estonia*/
-    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 45, "lv_LV",
-    /* Latvia*/
-    /*MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 46, "",*/
-    /* Lapland  [Ask Rich for the data. HS]*/
-    /*MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 47, "",*/
-    /* Faeroe Islands*/
-    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 48, "fa_IR",
-    /* Iran*/
-    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 49, "ru_RU",
-    /* Russia*/
-    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 50, "en_IE",
-    /* Ireland*/
-    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 51, "ko_KR",
-    /* Korea*/
-    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 52, "zh_CN",
-    /* People's Republic of China*/
-    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 53, "zh_TW",
-    /* Taiwan*/
-    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 54, "th_TH",
-    /* Thailand*/
-
-    /* fallback is en_US*/
-    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER,
-    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, "en_US"
-};
-
-#endif
-
-#if U_POSIX_LOCALE
-/* Return just the POSIX id, whatever happens to be in it */
-static const char *uprv_getPOSIXID(void)
-{
-    static const char* posixID = NULL;
-    if (posixID == 0) {
-        /*
-        * On Solaris two different calls to setlocale can result in 
-        * different values. Only get this value once.
-        *
-        * We must check this first because an application can set this.
-        *
-        * LC_ALL can't be used because it's platform dependent. The LANG
-        * environment variable seems to affect LC_CTYPE variable by default.
-        * Here is what setlocale(LC_ALL, NULL) can return.
-        * HPUX can return 'C C C C C C C'
-        * Solaris can return /en_US/C/C/C/C/C on the second try.
-        * Linux can return LC_CTYPE=C;LC_NUMERIC=C;...
-        *
-        * The default codepage detection also needs to use LC_CTYPE.
-        * 
-        * Do not call setlocale(LC_*, "")! Using an empty string instead
-        * of NULL, will modify the libc behavior.
-        */
-        posixID = setlocale(LC_CTYPE, NULL);
-        if ((posixID == 0)
-            || (uprv_strcmp("C", posixID) == 0)
-            || (uprv_strcmp("POSIX", posixID) == 0))
-        {
-            /* Maybe we got some garbage.  Try something more reasonable */
-            posixID = getenv("LC_ALL");
-            if (posixID == 0) {
-                posixID = getenv("LC_CTYPE");
-                if (posixID == 0) {
-                    posixID = getenv("LANG");
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        if ((posixID==0)
-            || (uprv_strcmp("C", posixID) == 0)
-            || (uprv_strcmp("POSIX", posixID) == 0))
-        {
-            /* Nothing worked.  Give it a nice POSIX default value. */
-            posixID = "en_US_POSIX";
-        }
-    }
-
-    return posixID;
-}
-#endif
-
-/* NOTE: The caller should handle thread safety */
-U_CAPI const char* U_EXPORT2
-uprv_getDefaultLocaleID()
-{
-#if U_POSIX_LOCALE
-/*
-  Note that:  (a '!' means the ID is improper somehow)
-     LC_ALL  ---->     default_loc          codepage
---------------------------------------------------------
-     ab.CD             ab                   CD
-     ab@CD             ab__CD               -
-     ab@CD.EF          ab__CD               EF
-
-     ab_CD.EF@GH       ab_CD_GH             EF
-
-Some 'improper' ways to do the same as above:
-  !  ab_CD@GH.EF       ab_CD_GH             EF
-  !  ab_CD.EF@GH.IJ    ab_CD_GH             EF
-  !  ab_CD@ZZ.EF@GH.IJ ab_CD_GH             EF
-
-     _CD@GH            _CD_GH               -
-     _CD.EF@GH         _CD_GH               EF
-
-The variant cannot have dots in it.
-The 'rightmost' variant (@xxx) wins.
-The leftmost codepage (.xxx) wins.
-*/
-    char *correctedPOSIXLocale = 0;
-    const char* posixID = uprv_getPOSIXID();
-    const char *p;
-    const char *q;
-    int32_t len;
-
-    /* Format: (no spaces)
-    ll [ _CC ] [ . MM ] [ @ VV]
-
-      l = lang, C = ctry, M = charmap, V = variant
-    */
-
-    if (gCorrectedPOSIXLocale != NULL) {
-        return gCorrectedPOSIXLocale; 
-    }
-
-    if ((p = uprv_strchr(posixID, '.')) != NULL) {
-        /* assume new locale can't be larger than old one? */
-        correctedPOSIXLocale = uprv_malloc(uprv_strlen(posixID)+1);
-        /* Exit on memory allocation error. */
-        if (correctedPOSIXLocale == NULL) {
-            return NULL;
-        }
-        uprv_strncpy(correctedPOSIXLocale, posixID, p-posixID);
-        correctedPOSIXLocale[p-posixID] = 0;
-
-        /* do not copy after the @ */
-        if ((p = uprv_strchr(correctedPOSIXLocale, '@')) != NULL) {
-            correctedPOSIXLocale[p-correctedPOSIXLocale] = 0;
-        }
-    }
-
-    /* Note that we scan the *uncorrected* ID. */
-    if ((p = uprv_strrchr(posixID, '@')) != NULL) {
-        if (correctedPOSIXLocale == NULL) {
-            correctedPOSIXLocale = uprv_malloc(uprv_strlen(posixID)+1);
-            /* Exit on memory allocation error. */
-            if (correctedPOSIXLocale == NULL) {
-                return NULL;
-            }
-            uprv_strncpy(correctedPOSIXLocale, posixID, p-posixID);
-            correctedPOSIXLocale[p-posixID] = 0;
-        }
-        p++;
-
-        /* Take care of any special cases here.. */
-        if (!uprv_strcmp(p, "nynorsk")) {
-            p = "NY";
-            /* Don't worry about no__NY. In practice, it won't appear. */
-        }
-
-        if (uprv_strchr(correctedPOSIXLocale,'_') == NULL) {
-            uprv_strcat(correctedPOSIXLocale, "__"); /* aa@b -> aa__b */
-        }
-        else {
-            uprv_strcat(correctedPOSIXLocale, "_"); /* aa_CC@b -> aa_CC_b */
-        }
-
-        if ((q = uprv_strchr(p, '.')) != NULL) {
-            /* How big will the resulting string be? */
-            len = (int32_t)(uprv_strlen(correctedPOSIXLocale) + (q-p));
-            uprv_strncat(correctedPOSIXLocale, p, q-p);
-            correctedPOSIXLocale[len] = 0;
-        }
-        else {
-            /* Anything following the @ sign */
-            uprv_strcat(correctedPOSIXLocale, p);
-        }
-
-        /* Should there be a map from 'no@nynorsk' -> no_NO_NY here?
-         * How about 'russian' -> 'ru'?
-         * Many of the other locales using ISO codes will be handled by the
-         * canonicalization functions in uloc_getDefault.
-         */
-    }
-
-    /* Was a correction made? */
-    if (correctedPOSIXLocale != NULL) {
-        posixID = correctedPOSIXLocale;
-    }
-    else {
-        /* copy it, just in case the original pointer goes away.  See j2395 */
-        correctedPOSIXLocale = (char *)uprv_malloc(uprv_strlen(posixID) + 1);
-        /* Exit on memory allocation error. */
-        if (correctedPOSIXLocale == NULL) {
-            return NULL;
-        }
-        posixID = uprv_strcpy(correctedPOSIXLocale, posixID);
-    }
-
-    if (gCorrectedPOSIXLocale == NULL) {
-        gCorrectedPOSIXLocale = correctedPOSIXLocale;
-        ucln_common_registerCleanup(UCLN_COMMON_PUTIL, putil_cleanup);
-        correctedPOSIXLocale = NULL;
-    }
-
-    if (correctedPOSIXLocale != NULL) {  /* Was already set - clean up. */
-        uprv_free(correctedPOSIXLocale); 
-    }
-
-    return posixID;
-
-#elif defined(U_WINDOWS)
-    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
-    LCID id = GetThreadLocale();
-    const char* locID = uprv_convertToPosix(id, &status);
-
-    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
-        locID = "en_US";
-    }
-    return locID;
-
-#elif defined(XP_MAC)
-    int32_t script = MAC_LC_INIT_NUMBER;
-    /* = IntlScript(); or GetScriptManagerVariable(smSysScript);*/
-    int32_t region = MAC_LC_INIT_NUMBER;
-    /* = GetScriptManagerVariable(smRegionCode);*/
-    int32_t lang = MAC_LC_INIT_NUMBER;
-    /* = GetScriptManagerVariable(smScriptLang);*/
-    int32_t date_region = MAC_LC_INIT_NUMBER;
-    const char* posixID = 0;
-    int32_t count = sizeof(mac_lc_recs) / sizeof(mac_lc_rec);
-    int32_t i;
-    Intl1Hndl ih;
-
-    ih = (Intl1Hndl) GetIntlResource(1);
-    if (ih)
-        date_region = ((uint16_t)(*ih)->intl1Vers) >> 8;
-
-    for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
-        if (   ((mac_lc_recs[i].script == MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER)
-             || (mac_lc_recs[i].script == script))
-            && ((mac_lc_recs[i].region == MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER)
-             || (mac_lc_recs[i].region == region))
-            && ((mac_lc_recs[i].lang == MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER)
-             || (mac_lc_recs[i].lang == lang))
-            && ((mac_lc_recs[i].date_region == MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER)
-             || (mac_lc_recs[i].date_region == date_region))
-            )
-        {
-            posixID = mac_lc_recs[i].posixID;
-            break;
-        }
-    }
-
-    return posixID;
-
-#elif defined(OS400)
-    /* locales are process scoped and are by definition thread safe */
-    static char correctedLocale[64];
-    const  char *localeID = getenv("LC_ALL");
-           char *p;
-
-    if (localeID == NULL)
-        localeID = getenv("LANG");
-    if (localeID == NULL)
-        localeID = setlocale(LC_ALL, NULL);
-    /* Make sure we have something... */
-    if (localeID == NULL)
-        return "en_US_POSIX";
-
-    /* Extract the locale name from the path. */
-    if((p = uprv_strrchr(localeID, '/')) != NULL)
-    {
-        /* Increment p to start of locale name. */
-        p++;
-        localeID = p;
-    }
-
-    /* Copy to work location. */
-    uprv_strcpy(correctedLocale, localeID);
-
-    /* Strip off the '.locale' extension. */
-    if((p = uprv_strchr(correctedLocale, '.')) != NULL) {
-        *p = 0;
-    }
-
-    /* Upper case the locale name. */
-    T_CString_toUpperCase(correctedLocale);
-
-    /* See if we are using the POSIX locale.  Any of the
-    * following are equivalent and use the same QLGPGCMA
-    * (POSIX) locale.
-    * QLGPGCMA2 means UCS2
-    * QLGPGCMA_4 means UTF-32
-    * QLGPGCMA_8 means UTF-8
-    */
-    if ((uprv_strcmp("C", correctedLocale) == 0) ||
-        (uprv_strcmp("POSIX", correctedLocale) == 0) ||
-        (uprv_strncmp("QLGPGCMA", correctedLocale, 8) == 0))
-    {
-        uprv_strcpy(correctedLocale, "en_US_POSIX");
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        int16_t LocaleLen;
-
-        /* Lower case the lang portion. */
-        for(p = correctedLocale; *p != 0 && *p != '_'; p++)
-        {
-            *p = uprv_tolower(*p);
-        }
-
-        /* Adjust for Euro.  After '_E' add 'URO'. */
-        LocaleLen = uprv_strlen(correctedLocale);
-        if (correctedLocale[LocaleLen - 2] == '_' &&
-            correctedLocale[LocaleLen - 1] == 'E')
-        {
-            uprv_strcat(correctedLocale, "URO");
-        }
-
-        /* If using Lotus-based locale then convert to
-         * equivalent non Lotus.
-         */
-        else if (correctedLocale[LocaleLen - 2] == '_' &&
-            correctedLocale[LocaleLen - 1] == 'L')
-        {
-            correctedLocale[LocaleLen - 2] = 0;
-        }
-
-        /* There are separate simplified and traditional
-         * locales called zh_HK_S and zh_HK_T.
-         */
-        else if (uprv_strncmp(correctedLocale, "zh_HK", 5) == 0)
-        {
-            uprv_strcpy(correctedLocale, "zh_HK");
-        }
-
-        /* A special zh_CN_GBK locale...
-        */
-        else if (uprv_strcmp(correctedLocale, "zh_CN_GBK") == 0)
-        {
-            uprv_strcpy(correctedLocale, "zh_CN");
-        }
-
-    }
-
-    return correctedLocale;
-#endif
-
-}
-
-#if U_POSIX_LOCALE
-/*
-Due to various platform differences, one platform may specify a charset,
-when they really mean a different charset. Remap the names so that they are
-compatible with ICU. Only conflicting/ambiguous aliases should be resolved
-here. Before adding anything to this function, please consider adding unique
-names to the ICU alias table in the data directory.
-*/
-static const char*
-remapPlatformDependentCodepage(const char *locale, const char *name) {
-    if (locale != NULL && *locale == 0) {
-        /* Make sure that an empty locale is handled the same way. */
-        locale = NULL;
-    }
-    if (name == NULL) {
-        return NULL;
-    }
-#if defined(U_AIX)
-    if (uprv_strcmp(name, "IBM-943") == 0) {
-        /* Use the ASCII compatible ibm-943 */
-        name = "Shift-JIS";
-    }
-    else if (uprv_strcmp(name, "IBM-1252") == 0) {
-        /* Use the windows-1252 that contains the Euro */
-        name = "IBM-5348";
-    }
-#elif defined(U_SOLARIS)
-    if (locale != NULL && uprv_strcmp(name, "EUC") == 0) {
-        /* Solaris underspecifies the "EUC" name. */
-        if (uprv_strcmp(locale, "zh_CN") == 0) {
-            name = "EUC-CN";
-        }
-        else if (uprv_strcmp(locale, "zh_TW") == 0) {
-            name = "EUC-TW";
-        }
-        else if (uprv_strcmp(locale, "ko_KR") == 0) {
-            name = "EUC-KR";
-        }
-    }
-    else if (uprv_strcmp(name, "eucJP") == 0) {
-        /*
-        ibm-954 is the best match.
-        ibm-33722 is the default for eucJP (similar to Windows).
-        */
-        name = "eucjis";
-    }
-    else if (uprv_strcmp(name, "646") == 0) {
-        /*
-         * The default codepage given by Solaris is 646 but the C library routines treat it as if it was 
-         * ISO-8859-1 instead of US-ASCII(646).
-         */
-        name = "ISO-8859-1";
-    }
-#elif defined(U_DARWIN)
-    if (locale == NULL && *name == 0) {
-        /*
-        No locale was specified, and an empty name was passed in.
-        This usually indicates that nl_langinfo didn't return valid information.
-        Mac OS X uses UTF-8 by default (especially the locale data and console).
-        */
-        name = "UTF-8";
-    }
-#elif defined(U_HPUX)
-    if (locale != NULL && uprv_strcmp(locale, "zh_HK") == 0 && uprv_strcmp(name, "big5") == 0) {
-        /* HP decided to extend big5 as hkbig5 even though it's not compatible :-( */
-        /* zh_TW.big5 is not the same charset as zh_HK.big5! */
-        name = "hkbig5";
-    }
-    else if (uprv_strcmp(name, "eucJP") == 0) {
-        /*
-        ibm-1350 is the best match, but unavailable.
-        ibm-954 is mostly a superset of ibm-1350.
-        ibm-33722 is the default for eucJP (similar to Windows).
-        */
-        name = "eucjis";
-    }
-#elif defined(U_LINUX)
-    if (locale != NULL && uprv_strcmp(name, "euc") == 0) {
-        /* Linux underspecifies the "EUC" name. */
-        if (uprv_strcmp(locale, "korean") == 0) {
-            name = "EUC-KR";
-        }
-        else if (uprv_strcmp(locale, "japanese") == 0) {
-            /* See comment below about eucJP */
-            name = "eucjis";
-        }
-    }
-    else if (uprv_strcmp(name, "eucjp") == 0) {
-        /*
-        ibm-1350 is the best match, but unavailable.
-        ibm-954 is mostly a superset of ibm-1350.
-        ibm-33722 is the default for eucJP (similar to Windows).
-        */
-        name = "eucjis";
-    }
-#endif
-    /* return NULL when "" is passed in */
-    if (*name == 0) {
-        name = NULL;
-    }
-    return name;
-}
-
-static const char*  
-getCodepageFromPOSIXID(const char *localeName, char * buffer, int32_t buffCapacity)
-{
-    char localeBuf[100];
-    const char *name = NULL;
-    char *variant = NULL;
-
-    if (localeName != NULL && (name = (uprv_strchr(localeName, '.'))) != NULL) {
-        size_t localeCapacity = uprv_min(sizeof(localeBuf), (name-localeName)+1);
-        uprv_strncpy(localeBuf, localeName, localeCapacity);
-        localeBuf[localeCapacity-1] = 0; /* ensure NULL termination */
-        name = uprv_strncpy(buffer, name+1, buffCapacity);
-        buffer[buffCapacity-1] = 0; /* ensure NULL termination */
-        if ((variant = (uprv_strchr(name, '@'))) != NULL) {
-            *variant = 0;
-        }
-        name = remapPlatformDependentCodepage(localeBuf, name);
-    }
-    return name;
-}
-#endif
-
-static const char*  
-int_getDefaultCodepage()
-{
-#if defined(OS400)
-    uint32_t ccsid = 37; /* Default to ibm-37 */
-    static char codepage[64];
-    Qwc_JOBI0400_t jobinfo;
-    Qus_EC_t error = { sizeof(Qus_EC_t) }; /* SPI error code */
-
-    EPT_CALL(QUSRJOBI)(&jobinfo, sizeof(jobinfo), "JOBI0400",
-        "*                         ", "                ", &error);
-
-    if (error.Bytes_Available == 0) {
-        if (jobinfo.Coded_Char_Set_ID != 0xFFFF) {
-            ccsid = (uint32_t)jobinfo.Coded_Char_Set_ID;
-        }
-        else if (jobinfo.Default_Coded_Char_Set_Id != 0xFFFF) {
-            ccsid = (uint32_t)jobinfo.Default_Coded_Char_Set_Id;
-        }
-        /* else use the default */
-    }
-    sprintf(codepage,"ibm-%d", ccsid);
-    return codepage;
-
-#elif defined(OS390)
-    static char codepage[64];
-    sprintf(codepage,"%63s" UCNV_SWAP_LFNL_OPTION_STRING, nl_langinfo(CODESET));
-    codepage[63] = 0; /* NULL terminate */
-    return codepage;
-
-#elif defined(XP_MAC)
-    return "macintosh"; /* TODO: Macintosh Roman. There must be a better way. fixme! */
-
-#elif defined(U_WINDOWS)
-    static char codepage[64];
-    sprintf(codepage, "windows-%d", GetACP());
-    return codepage;
-
-#elif U_POSIX_LOCALE
-    static char codesetName[100];
-    const char *localeName = NULL;
-    const char *name = NULL;
-
-    uprv_memset(codesetName, 0, sizeof(codesetName));
-
-    /* Use setlocale in a nice way, and then check some environment variables.
-       Maybe the application used setlocale already.
-    */
-    localeName = uprv_getPOSIXID();
-    name = getCodepageFromPOSIXID(localeName, codesetName, sizeof(codesetName));
-    if (name) {
-        /* if we can find the codeset name from setlocale, return that. */
-        return name;
-    }
-    /* else "C" was probably returned. That's underspecified. */
-
-#if U_HAVE_NL_LANGINFO_CODESET
-    if (*codesetName) {
-        uprv_memset(codesetName, 0, sizeof(codesetName));
-    }
-    /* When available, check nl_langinfo because it usually gives more
-       useful names. It depends on LC_CTYPE and not LANG or LC_ALL.
-       nl_langinfo may use the same buffer as setlocale. */
-    {
-        const char *codeset = nl_langinfo(U_NL_LANGINFO_CODESET);
-        codeset = remapPlatformDependentCodepage(NULL, codeset);
-        if (codeset != NULL) {
-            uprv_strncpy(codesetName, codeset, sizeof(codesetName));
-            codesetName[sizeof(codesetName)-1] = 0;
-            return codesetName;
-        }
-    }
-#endif
-
-    if (*codesetName == 0)
-    {
-        /* Everything failed. Return US ASCII (ISO 646). */
-        (void)uprv_strcpy(codesetName, "US-ASCII");
-    }
-    return codesetName;
-#else
-    return "US-ASCII";
-#endif
-}
-
-
-U_CAPI const char*  U_EXPORT2
-uprv_getDefaultCodepage()
-{
-    static char const  *name = NULL;
-    umtx_lock(NULL);
-    if (name == NULL) {
-        name = int_getDefaultCodepage();
-    }
-    umtx_unlock(NULL);
-    return name;
-}
-
-
-/* end of platform-specific implementation -------------- */
-
-/* version handling --------------------------------------------------------- */
-
-U_CAPI void U_EXPORT2
-u_versionFromString(UVersionInfo versionArray, const char *versionString) {
-    char *end;
-    uint16_t part=0;
-
-    if(versionArray==NULL) {
-        return;
-    }
-
-    if(versionString!=NULL) {
-        for(;;) {
-            versionArray[part]=(uint8_t)uprv_strtoul(versionString, &end, 10);
-            if(end==versionString || ++part==U_MAX_VERSION_LENGTH || *end!=U_VERSION_DELIMITER) {
-                break;
-            }
-            versionString=end+1;
-        }
-    }
-
-    while(part<U_MAX_VERSION_LENGTH) {
-        versionArray[part++]=0;
-    }
-}
-
-U_CAPI void U_EXPORT2
-u_versionToString(UVersionInfo versionArray, char *versionString) {
-    uint16_t count, part;
-    uint8_t field;
-
-    if(versionString==NULL) {
-        return;
-    }
-
-    if(versionArray==NULL) {
-        versionString[0]=0;
-        return;
-    }
-
-    /* count how many fields need to be written */
-    for(count=4; count>0 && versionArray[count-1]==0; --count) {
-    }
-
-    if(count <= 1) {
-        count = 2;
-    }
-
-    /* write the first part */
-    /* write the decimal field value */
-    field=versionArray[0];
-    if(field>=100) {
-        *versionString++=(char)('0'+field/100);
-        field%=100;
-    }
-    if(field>=10) {
-        *versionString++=(char)('0'+field/10);
-        field%=10;
-    }
-    *versionString++=(char)('0'+field);
-
-    /* write the following parts */
-    for(part=1; part<count; ++part) {
-        /* write a dot first */
-        *versionString++=U_VERSION_DELIMITER;
-
-        /* write the decimal field value */
-        field=versionArray[part];
-        if(field>=100) {
-            *versionString++=(char)('0'+field/100);
-            field%=100;
-        }
-        if(field>=10) {
-            *versionString++=(char)('0'+field/10);
-            field%=10;
-        }
-        *versionString++=(char)('0'+field);
-    }
-
-    /* NUL-terminate */
-    *versionString=0;
-}
-
-U_CAPI void U_EXPORT2
-u_getVersion(UVersionInfo versionArray) {
-    u_versionFromString(versionArray, U_ICU_VERSION);
-}
-
-/*
- * Hey, Emacs, please set the following:
- *
- * Local Variables:
- * indent-tabs-mode: nil
- * End:
- *
- */
diff -Nura icu/source/common/putil.cpp icu_new/source/common/putil.cpp
--- icu/source/common/putil.cpp	1970-01-01 08:00:00.000000000 +0800
+++ icu_new/source/common/putil.cpp	2022-08-17 21:53:21.998594768 +0800
@@ -0,0 +1,1765 @@
+/*
+******************************************************************************
+*
+*   Copyright (C) 1997-2008, International Business Machines
+*   Corporation and others.  All Rights Reserved.
+*
+******************************************************************************
+*
+*  FILE NAME : putil.c (previously putil.cpp and ptypes.cpp)
+*
+*   Date        Name        Description
+*   04/14/97    aliu        Creation.
+*   04/24/97    aliu        Added getDefaultDataDirectory() and
+*                            getDefaultLocaleID().
+*   04/28/97    aliu        Rewritten to assume Unix and apply general methods
+*                            for assumed case.  Non-UNIX platforms must be
+*                            special-cased.  Rewrote numeric methods dealing
+*                            with NaN and Infinity to be platform independent
+*                             over all IEEE 754 platforms.
+*   05/13/97    aliu        Restored sign of timezone
+*                            (semantics are hours West of GMT)
+*   06/16/98    erm         Added IEEE_754 stuff, cleaned up isInfinite, isNan,
+*                             nextDouble..
+*   07/22/98    stephen     Added remainder, max, min, trunc
+*   08/13/98    stephen     Added isNegativeInfinity, isPositiveInfinity
+*   08/24/98    stephen     Added longBitsFromDouble
+*   09/08/98    stephen     Minor changes for Mac Port
+*   03/02/99    stephen     Removed openFile().  Added AS400 support.
+*                            Fixed EBCDIC tables
+*   04/15/99    stephen     Converted to C.
+*   06/28/99    stephen     Removed mutex locking in u_isBigEndian().
+*   08/04/99    jeffrey R.  Added OS/2 changes
+*   11/15/99    helena      Integrated S/390 IEEE support.
+*   04/26/01    Barry N.    OS/400 support for uprv_getDefaultLocaleID
+*   08/15/01    Steven H.   OS/400 support for uprv_getDefaultCodepage
+*   01/03/08    Steven L.   Fake Time Support
+******************************************************************************
+*/
+
+/* Define _XOPEN_SOURCE for Solaris and friends. */
+/* NetBSD needs it to be >= 4 */
+#if !defined(_XOPEN_SOURCE)
+#if __STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901L
+/* It is invalid to compile an XPG3, XPG4, XPG4v2 or XPG5 application using c99 on Solaris */
+#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600
+#else
+#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 4
+#endif
+#endif
+
+/* Make sure things like readlink and such functions work. 
+Poorly upgraded Solaris machines can't have this defined.
+Cleanly installed Solaris can use this #define.
+*/
+#if !defined(_XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED) && (!defined(__STDC_VERSION__) || __STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901L)
+#define _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED 1
+#endif
+
+/* include ICU headers */
+#include "unicode/utypes.h"
+#include "unicode/putil.h"
+#include "unicode/ustring.h"
+#include "putilimp.h"
+#include "uassert.h"
+#include "umutex.h"
+#include "cmemory.h"
+#include "cstring.h"
+#include "locmap.h"
+#include "ucln_cmn.h"
+
+/* Include standard headers. */
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <math.h>
+#include <locale.h>
+#include <float.h>
+#include <time.h>
+
+/* include system headers */
+#ifdef U_WINDOWS
+#   define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+#   define VC_EXTRALEAN
+#   define NOUSER
+#   define NOSERVICE
+#   define NOIME
+#   define NOMCX
+#   include <windows.h>
+#   include "wintz.h"
+#elif defined(U_CYGWIN) && defined(__STRICT_ANSI__)
+/* tzset isn't defined in strict ANSI on Cygwin. */
+#   undef __STRICT_ANSI__
+#elif defined(OS400)
+#   include <float.h>
+#   include <qusec.h>       /* error code structure */
+#   include <qusrjobi.h>
+#   include <qliept.h>      /* EPT_CALL macro  - this include must be after all other "QSYSINCs" */
+#   include <mih/testptr.h> /* For uprv_maximumPtr */
+#elif defined(XP_MAC)
+#   include <Files.h>
+#   include <IntlResources.h>
+#   include <Script.h>
+#   include <Folders.h>
+#   include <MacTypes.h>
+#   include <TextUtils.h>
+#   define ICU_NO_USER_DATA_OVERRIDE 1
+#elif defined(OS390)
+#include "unicode/ucnv.h"   /* Needed for UCNV_SWAP_LFNL_OPTION_STRING */
+#elif defined(U_DARWIN) || defined(U_LINUX) || defined(U_BSD)
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#elif defined(U_QNX)
+#include <sys/neutrino.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifndef U_WINDOWS
+#include <sys/time.h> 
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Only include langinfo.h if we have a way to get the codeset. If we later
+ * depend on more feature, we can test on U_HAVE_NL_LANGINFO.
+ *
+ */
+
+#if U_HAVE_NL_LANGINFO_CODESET
+#include <langinfo.h>
+#endif
+
+/* Define the extension for data files, again... */
+#define DATA_TYPE "dat"
+
+/* Leave this copyright notice here! */
+static const char copyright[] = U_COPYRIGHT_STRING;
+
+/* floating point implementations ------------------------------------------- */
+
+/* We return QNAN rather than SNAN*/
+#define SIGN 0x80000000U
+
+/* Make it easy to define certain types of constants */
+typedef union {
+    int64_t i64; /* This must be defined first in order to allow the initialization to work. This is a C89 feature. */
+    double d64;
+} BitPatternConversion;
+static const BitPatternConversion gNan = { (int64_t) INT64_C(0x7FF8000000000000) };
+static const BitPatternConversion gInf = { (int64_t) INT64_C(0x7FF0000000000000) };
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  Platform utilities
+  Our general strategy is to assume we're on a POSIX platform.  Platforms which
+  are non-POSIX must declare themselves so.  The default POSIX implementation
+  will sometimes work for non-POSIX platforms as well (e.g., the NaN-related
+  functions).
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#if defined(U_WINDOWS) || defined(XP_MAC) || defined(OS400)
+#   undef U_POSIX_LOCALE
+#else
+#   define U_POSIX_LOCALE    1
+#endif
+
+/*
+    WARNING! u_topNBytesOfDouble and u_bottomNBytesOfDouble
+    can't be properly optimized by the gcc compiler sometimes (i.e. gcc 3.2).
+*/
+#if !IEEE_754
+static char*
+u_topNBytesOfDouble(double* d, int n)
+{
+#if U_IS_BIG_ENDIAN
+    return (char*)d;
+#else
+    return (char*)(d + 1) - n;
+#endif
+}
+#endif
+
+static char*
+u_bottomNBytesOfDouble(double* d, int n)
+{
+#if U_IS_BIG_ENDIAN
+    return (char*)(d + 1) - n;
+#else
+    return (char*)d;
+#endif
+}
+
+#if defined (U_DEBUG_FAKETIME)
+/* Override the clock to test things without having to move the system clock. 
+ * Assumes POSIX gettimeofday() will function
+ */
+UDate fakeClock_t0 = 0; /** Time to start the clock from **/
+UDate fakeClock_dt = 0; /** Offset (fake time - real time) **/
+UBool fakeClock_set = FALSE; /** True if fake clock has spun up **/
+static UMTX fakeClockMutex = NULL;
+
+static UDate getUTCtime_real() {
+    struct timeval posixTime;
+    gettimeofday(&posixTime, NULL);
+    return (UDate)(((int64_t)posixTime.tv_sec * U_MILLIS_PER_SECOND) + (posixTime.tv_usec/1000));
+}
+
+static UDate getUTCtime_fake() {
+    umtx_lock(&fakeClockMutex);
+    if(!fakeClock_set) {
+        UDate real = getUTCtime_real();
+        const char *fake_start = getenv("U_FAKETIME_START");
+        if(fake_start!=NULL) {
+            sscanf(fake_start,"%lf",&fakeClock_t0);
+        }
+        fakeClock_dt = fakeClock_t0 - real;
+        fprintf(stderr,"U_DEBUG_FAKETIME was set at compile time, so the ICU clock will start at a preset value\n"
+                       "U_FAKETIME_START=%.0f (%s) for an offset of %.0f ms from the current time %.0f\n",
+                            fakeClock_t0, fake_start, fakeClock_dt, real);
+        fakeClock_set = TRUE;
+    }
+    umtx_unlock(&fakeClockMutex);
+    
+    return getUTCtime_real() + fakeClock_dt;
+}
+#endif
+
+#if defined(U_WINDOWS)
+typedef union {
+    int64_t int64;
+    FILETIME fileTime;
+} FileTimeConversion;   /* This is like a ULARGE_INTEGER */
+
+/* Number of 100 nanoseconds from 1/1/1601 to 1/1/1970 */
+#define EPOCH_BIAS  INT64_C(116444736000000000)
+#define HECTONANOSECOND_PER_MILLISECOND   10000
+
+#endif
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  Universal Implementations
+  These are designed to work on all platforms.  Try these, and if they
+  don't work on your platform, then special case your platform with new
+  implementations.
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+/* Return UTC (GMT) time measured in milliseconds since 0:00 on 1/1/70.*/
+U_CAPI UDate U_EXPORT2
+uprv_getUTCtime()
+{
+#if defined(U_DEBUG_FAKETIME)
+    return getUTCtime_fake(); /* Hook for overriding the clock */
+#elif defined(XP_MAC)
+    time_t t, t1, t2;
+    struct tm tmrec;
+
+    uprv_memset( &tmrec, 0, sizeof(tmrec) );
+    tmrec.tm_year = 70;
+    tmrec.tm_mon = 0;
+    tmrec.tm_mday = 1;
+    t1 = mktime(&tmrec);    /* seconds of 1/1/1970*/
+
+    time(&t);
+    uprv_memcpy( &tmrec, gmtime(&t), sizeof(tmrec) );
+    t2 = mktime(&tmrec);    /* seconds of current GMT*/
+    return (UDate)(t2 - t1) * U_MILLIS_PER_SECOND;         /* GMT (or UTC) in seconds since 1970*/
+#elif defined(U_WINDOWS)
+
+    FileTimeConversion winTime;
+    GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&winTime.fileTime);
+    return (UDate)((winTime.int64 - EPOCH_BIAS) / HECTONANOSECOND_PER_MILLISECOND);
+#else
+/*
+    struct timeval posixTime;
+    gettimeofday(&posixTime, NULL);
+    return (UDate)(((int64_t)posixTime.tv_sec * U_MILLIS_PER_SECOND) + (posixTime.tv_usec/1000));
+*/
+    time_t epochtime;
+    time(&epochtime);
+    return (UDate)epochtime * U_MILLIS_PER_SECOND;
+#endif
+}
+
+/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  IEEE 754
+  These methods detect and return NaN and infinity values for doubles
+  conforming to IEEE 754.  Platforms which support this standard include X86,
+  Mac 680x0, Mac PowerPC, AIX RS/6000, and most others.
+  If this doesn't work on your platform, you have non-IEEE floating-point, and
+  will need to code your own versions.  A naive implementation is to return 0.0
+  for getNaN and getInfinity, and false for isNaN and isInfinite.
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+U_CAPI UBool U_EXPORT2
+uprv_isNaN(double number)
+{
+#if IEEE_754
+    BitPatternConversion convertedNumber;
+    convertedNumber.d64 = number;
+    /* Infinity is 0x7FF0000000000000U. Anything greater than that is a NaN */
+    return (UBool)((convertedNumber.i64 & U_INT64_MAX) > gInf.i64);
+
+#elif defined(OS390)
+    uint32_t highBits = *(uint32_t*)u_topNBytesOfDouble(&number,
+                        sizeof(uint32_t));
+    uint32_t lowBits  = *(uint32_t*)u_bottomNBytesOfDouble(&number,
+                        sizeof(uint32_t));
+
+    return ((highBits & 0x7F080000L) == 0x7F080000L) &&
+      (lowBits == 0x00000000L);
+
+#else
+    /* If your platform doesn't support IEEE 754 but *does* have an NaN value,*/
+    /* you'll need to replace this default implementation with what's correct*/
+    /* for your platform.*/
+    return number != number;
+#endif
+}
+
+U_CAPI UBool U_EXPORT2
+uprv_isInfinite(double number)
+{
+#if IEEE_754
+    BitPatternConversion convertedNumber;
+    convertedNumber.d64 = number;
+    /* Infinity is exactly 0x7FF0000000000000U. */
+    return (UBool)((convertedNumber.i64 & U_INT64_MAX) == gInf.i64);
+#elif defined(OS390)
+    uint32_t highBits = *(uint32_t*)u_topNBytesOfDouble(&number,
+                        sizeof(uint32_t));
+    uint32_t lowBits  = *(uint32_t*)u_bottomNBytesOfDouble(&number,
+                        sizeof(uint32_t));
+
+    return ((highBits  & ~SIGN) == 0x70FF0000L) && (lowBits == 0x00000000L);
+
+#else
+    /* If your platform doesn't support IEEE 754 but *does* have an infinity*/
+    /* value, you'll need to replace this default implementation with what's*/
+    /* correct for your platform.*/
+    return number == (2.0 * number);
+#endif
+}
+
+U_CAPI UBool U_EXPORT2
+uprv_isPositiveInfinity(double number)
+{
+#if IEEE_754 || defined(OS390)
+    return (UBool)(number > 0 && uprv_isInfinite(number));
+#else
+    return uprv_isInfinite(number);
+#endif
+}
+
+U_CAPI UBool U_EXPORT2
+uprv_isNegativeInfinity(double number)
+{
+#if IEEE_754 || defined(OS390)
+    return (UBool)(number < 0 && uprv_isInfinite(number));
+
+#else
+    uint32_t highBits = *(uint32_t*)u_topNBytesOfDouble(&number,
+                        sizeof(uint32_t));
+    return((highBits & SIGN) && uprv_isInfinite(number));
+
+#endif
+}
+
+U_CAPI double U_EXPORT2
+uprv_getNaN()
+{
+#if IEEE_754 || defined(OS390)
+    return gNan.d64;
+#else
+    /* If your platform doesn't support IEEE 754 but *does* have an NaN value,*/
+    /* you'll need to replace this default implementation with what's correct*/
+    /* for your platform.*/
+    return 0.0;
+#endif
+}
+
+U_CAPI double U_EXPORT2
+uprv_getInfinity()
+{
+#if IEEE_754 || defined(OS390)
+    return gInf.d64;
+#else
+    /* If your platform doesn't support IEEE 754 but *does* have an infinity*/
+    /* value, you'll need to replace this default implementation with what's*/
+    /* correct for your platform.*/
+    return 0.0;
+#endif
+}
+
+U_CAPI double U_EXPORT2
+uprv_floor(double x)
+{
+    return floor(x);
+}
+
+U_CAPI double U_EXPORT2
+uprv_ceil(double x)
+{
+    return ceil(x);
+}
+
+U_CAPI double U_EXPORT2
+uprv_round(double x)
+{
+    return uprv_floor(x + 0.5);
+}
+
+U_CAPI double U_EXPORT2
+uprv_fabs(double x)
+{
+    return fabs(x);
+}
+
+U_CAPI double U_EXPORT2
+uprv_modf(double x, double* y)
+{
+    return modf(x, y);
+}
+
+U_CAPI double U_EXPORT2
+uprv_fmod(double x, double y)
+{
+    return fmod(x, y);
+}
+
+U_CAPI double U_EXPORT2
+uprv_pow(double x, double y)
+{
+    /* This is declared as "double pow(double x, double y)" */
+    return pow(x, y);
+}
+
+U_CAPI double U_EXPORT2
+uprv_pow10(int32_t x)
+{
+    return pow(10.0, (double)x);
+}
+
+U_CAPI double U_EXPORT2
+uprv_fmax(double x, double y)
+{
+#if IEEE_754
+    int32_t lowBits;
+
+    /* first handle NaN*/
+    if(uprv_isNaN(x) || uprv_isNaN(y))
+        return uprv_getNaN();
+
+    /* check for -0 and 0*/
+    lowBits = *(uint32_t*) u_bottomNBytesOfDouble(&x, sizeof(uint32_t));
+    if(x == 0.0 && y == 0.0 && (lowBits & SIGN))
+        return y;
+
+#endif
+
+    /* this should work for all flt point w/o NaN and Infpecial cases */
+    return (x > y ? x : y);
+}
+
+U_CAPI double U_EXPORT2
+uprv_fmin(double x, double y)
+{
+#if IEEE_754
+    int32_t lowBits;
+
+    /* first handle NaN*/
+    if(uprv_isNaN(x) || uprv_isNaN(y))
+        return uprv_getNaN();
+
+    /* check for -0 and 0*/
+    lowBits = *(uint32_t*) u_bottomNBytesOfDouble(&y, sizeof(uint32_t));
+    if(x == 0.0 && y == 0.0 && (lowBits & SIGN))
+        return y;
+
+#endif
+
+    /* this should work for all flt point w/o NaN and Inf special cases */
+    return (x > y ? y : x);
+}
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+U_CAPI UBool U_EXPORT2
+uprv_add32_overflow(int32_t a, int32_t b, int32_t* res) {
+    // NOTE: Some compilers (GCC, Clang) have primitives available, like __builtin_add_overflow.
+    // This function could be optimized by calling one of those primitives.
+    int64_t a64 = static_cast<int64_t>(a);
+    int64_t b64 = static_cast<int64_t>(b);
+    int64_t res64 = a64 + b64;
+    *res = static_cast<int32_t>(res64);
+    return res64 != *res;
+}
+
+U_CAPI UBool U_EXPORT2
+uprv_mul32_overflow(int32_t a, int32_t b, int32_t* res) {
+    // NOTE: Some compilers (GCC, Clang) have primitives available, like __builtin_mul_overflow.
+    // This function could be optimized by calling one of those primitives.
+    int64_t a64 = static_cast<int64_t>(a);
+    int64_t b64 = static_cast<int64_t>(b);
+    int64_t res64 = a64 * b64;
+    *res = static_cast<int32_t>(res64);
+    return res64 != *res;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Truncates the given double.
+ * trunc(3.3) = 3.0, trunc (-3.3) = -3.0
+ * This is different than calling floor() or ceil():
+ * floor(3.3) = 3, floor(-3.3) = -4
+ * ceil(3.3) = 4, ceil(-3.3) = -3
+ */
+U_CAPI double U_EXPORT2
+uprv_trunc(double d)
+{
+#if IEEE_754
+    int32_t lowBits;
+
+    /* handle error cases*/
+    if(uprv_isNaN(d))
+        return uprv_getNaN();
+    if(uprv_isInfinite(d))
+        return uprv_getInfinity();
+
+    lowBits = *(uint32_t*) u_bottomNBytesOfDouble(&d, sizeof(uint32_t));
+    if( (d == 0.0 && (lowBits & SIGN)) || d < 0)
+        return ceil(d);
+    else
+        return floor(d);
+
+#else
+    return d >= 0 ? floor(d) : ceil(d);
+
+#endif
+}
+
+/**
+ * Return the largest positive number that can be represented by an integer
+ * type of arbitrary bit length.
+ */
+U_CAPI double U_EXPORT2
+uprv_maxMantissa(void)
+{
+    return pow(2.0, DBL_MANT_DIG + 1.0) - 1.0;
+}
+
+U_CAPI double U_EXPORT2
+uprv_log(double d)
+{
+    return log(d);
+}
+
+U_CAPI void * U_EXPORT2
+uprv_maximumPtr(void * base)
+{
+#if defined(OS400)
+    /*
+     * With the provided function we should never be out of range of a given segment 
+     * (a traditional/typical segment that is).  Our segments have 5 bytes for the
+     * id and 3 bytes for the offset.  The key is that the casting takes care of
+     * only retrieving the offset portion minus x1000.  Hence, the smallest offset
+     * seen in a program is x001000 and when casted to an int would be 0.
+     * That's why we can only add 0xffefff.  Otherwise, we would exceed the segment.
+     *
+     * Currently, 16MB is the current addressing limitation on i5/OS if the activation is 
+     * non-TERASPACE.  If it is TERASPACE it is 2GB - 4k(header information).
+     * This function determines the activation based on the pointer that is passed in and 
+     * calculates the appropriate maximum available size for 
+     * each pointer type (TERASPACE and non-TERASPACE)
+     *
+     * Unlike other operating systems, the pointer model isn't determined at
+     * compile time on i5/OS.
+     */
+    if ((base != NULL) && (_TESTPTR(base, _C_TERASPACE_CHECK))) {
+        /* if it is a TERASPACE pointer the max is 2GB - 4k */
+        return ((void *)(((char *)base)-((uint32_t)(base))+((uint32_t)0x7fffefff)));
+    }
+    /* otherwise 16MB since NULL ptr is not checkable or the ptr is not TERASPACE */
+    return ((void *)(((char *)base)-((uint32_t)(base))+((uint32_t)0xffefff)));
+
+#else
+    return U_MAX_PTR(base); 
+#endif
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  Platform-specific Implementations
+  Try these, and if they don't work on your platform, then special case your
+  platform with new implementations.
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+/* Generic time zone layer -------------------------------------------------- */
+
+/* Time zone utilities */
+U_CAPI void U_EXPORT2
+uprv_tzset()
+{
+#ifdef U_TZSET
+    U_TZSET();
+#else
+    /* no initialization*/
+#endif
+}
+
+U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2
+uprv_timezone()
+{
+#ifdef U_TIMEZONE
+    return U_TIMEZONE;
+#else
+    time_t t, t1, t2;
+    struct tm tmrec;
+    UBool dst_checked;
+    int32_t tdiff = 0;
+
+    time(&t);
+    uprv_memcpy( &tmrec, localtime(&t), sizeof(tmrec) );
+    dst_checked = (tmrec.tm_isdst != 0); /* daylight savings time is checked*/
+    t1 = mktime(&tmrec);                 /* local time in seconds*/
+    uprv_memcpy( &tmrec, gmtime(&t), sizeof(tmrec) );
+    t2 = mktime(&tmrec);                 /* GMT (or UTC) in seconds*/
+    tdiff = t2 - t1;
+    /* imitate NT behaviour, which returns same timezone offset to GMT for
+       winter and summer*/
+    if (dst_checked)
+        tdiff += 3600;
+    return tdiff;
+#endif
+}
+
+/* Note that U_TZNAME does *not* have to be tzname, but if it is,
+   some platforms need to have it declared here. */ 
+
+#if defined(U_TZNAME) && (defined(U_IRIX) || defined(U_DARWIN) || defined(U_CYGWIN))
+/* RS6000 and others reject char **tzname.  */
+extern U_IMPORT char *U_TZNAME[];
+#endif
+
+#if !UCONFIG_NO_FILE_IO && (defined(U_DARWIN) || defined(U_LINUX) || defined(U_BSD))
+/* These platforms are likely to use Olson timezone IDs. */
+#define CHECK_LOCALTIME_LINK 1
+#if defined(U_DARWIN)
+#include <tzfile.h>
+#define TZZONEINFO      (TZDIR "/")
+#else
+#define TZDEFAULT       "/etc/localtime"
+#define TZZONEINFO      "/usr/share/zoneinfo/"
+#endif
+static char gTimeZoneBuffer[PATH_MAX];
+static char *gTimeZoneBufferPtr = NULL;
+#endif
+
+#ifndef U_WINDOWS
+#define isNonDigit(ch) (ch < '0' || '9' < ch)
+static UBool isValidOlsonID(const char *id) {
+    int32_t idx = 0;
+
+    /* Determine if this is something like Iceland (Olson ID)
+    or AST4ADT (non-Olson ID) */
+    while (id[idx] && isNonDigit(id[idx]) && id[idx] != ',') {
+        idx++;
+    }
+
+    /* If we went through the whole string, then it might be okay.
+    The timezone is sometimes set to "CST-7CDT", "CST6CDT5,J129,J131/19:30",
+    "GRNLNDST3GRNLNDDT" or similar, so we cannot use it.
+    The rest of the time it could be an Olson ID. George */
+    return (UBool)(id[idx] == 0
+        || uprv_strcmp(id, "PST8PDT") == 0
+        || uprv_strcmp(id, "MST7MDT") == 0
+        || uprv_strcmp(id, "CST6CDT") == 0
+        || uprv_strcmp(id, "EST5EDT") == 0);
+}
+#endif
+
+#if defined(U_TZNAME) && !defined(U_WINDOWS)
+
+#define CONVERT_HOURS_TO_SECONDS(offset) (int32_t)(offset*3600)
+typedef struct OffsetZoneMapping {
+    int32_t offsetSeconds;
+    int32_t daylightType; /* 1=daylight in June, 2=daylight in December*/
+    const char *stdID;
+    const char *dstID;
+    const char *olsonID;
+} OffsetZoneMapping;
+
+/*
+This list tries to disambiguate a set of abbreviated timezone IDs and offsets
+and maps it to an Olson ID.
+Before adding anything to this list, take a look at
+icu/source/tools/tzcode/tz.alias
+Sometimes no daylight savings (0) is important to define due to aliases.
+This list can be tested with icu/source/test/compat/tzone.pl
+More values could be added to daylightType to increase precision.
+*/
+static const struct OffsetZoneMapping OFFSET_ZONE_MAPPINGS[] = {
+    {-45900, 2, "CHAST", "CHADT", "Pacific/Chatham"},
+    {-43200, 1, "PETT", "PETST", "Asia/Kamchatka"},
+    {-43200, 2, "NZST", "NZDT", "Pacific/Auckland"},
+    {-43200, 1, "ANAT", "ANAST", "Asia/Anadyr"},
+    {-39600, 1, "MAGT", "MAGST", "Asia/Magadan"},
+    {-37800, 2, "LHST", "LHST", "Australia/Lord_Howe"},
+    {-36000, 2, "EST", "EST", "Australia/Sydney"},
+    {-36000, 1, "SAKT", "SAKST", "Asia/Sakhalin"},
+    {-36000, 1, "VLAT", "VLAST", "Asia/Vladivostok"},
+    {-34200, 2, "CST", "CST", "Australia/South"},
+    {-32400, 1, "YAKT", "YAKST", "Asia/Yakutsk"},
+    {-32400, 1, "CHOT", "CHOST", "Asia/Choibalsan"},
+    {-31500, 2, "CWST", "CWST", "Australia/Eucla"},
+    {-28800, 1, "IRKT", "IRKST", "Asia/Irkutsk"},
+    {-28800, 1, "ULAT", "ULAST", "Asia/Ulaanbaatar"},
+    {-28800, 2, "WST", "WST", "Australia/West"},
+    {-25200, 1, "HOVT", "HOVST", "Asia/Hovd"},
+    {-25200, 1, "KRAT", "KRAST", "Asia/Krasnoyarsk"},
+    {-21600, 1, "NOVT", "NOVST", "Asia/Novosibirsk"},
+    {-21600, 1, "OMST", "OMSST", "Asia/Omsk"},
+    {-18000, 1, "YEKT", "YEKST", "Asia/Yekaterinburg"},
+    {-14400, 1, "SAMT", "SAMST", "Europe/Samara"},
+    {-14400, 1, "AMT", "AMST", "Asia/Yerevan"},
+    {-14400, 1, "AZT", "AZST", "Asia/Baku"},
+    {-10800, 1, "AST", "ADT", "Asia/Baghdad"},
+    {-10800, 1, "MSK", "MSD", "Europe/Moscow"},
+    {-10800, 1, "VOLT", "VOLST", "Europe/Volgograd"},
+    {-7200, 0, "EET", "CEST", "Africa/Tripoli"},
+    {-7200, 1, "EET", "EEST", "Europe/Athens"}, /* Conflicts with Africa/Cairo */
+    {-7200, 1, "IST", "IDT", "Asia/Jerusalem"},
+    {-3600, 0, "CET", "WEST", "Africa/Algiers"},
+    {-3600, 2, "WAT", "WAST", "Africa/Windhoek"},
+    {0, 1, "GMT", "IST", "Europe/Dublin"},
+    {0, 1, "GMT", "BST", "Europe/London"},
+    {0, 0, "WET", "WEST", "Africa/Casablanca"},
+    {0, 0, "WET", "WET", "Africa/El_Aaiun"},
+    {3600, 1, "AZOT", "AZOST", "Atlantic/Azores"},
+    {3600, 1, "EGT", "EGST", "America/Scoresbysund"},
+    {10800, 1, "PMST", "PMDT", "America/Miquelon"},
+    {10800, 2, "UYT", "UYST", "America/Montevideo"},
+    {10800, 1, "WGT", "WGST", "America/Godthab"},
+    {10800, 2, "BRT", "BRST", "Brazil/East"},
+    {12600, 1, "NST", "NDT", "America/St_Johns"},
+    {14400, 1, "AST", "ADT", "Canada/Atlantic"},
+    {14400, 2, "AMT", "AMST", "America/Cuiaba"},
+    {14400, 2, "CLT", "CLST", "Chile/Continental"},
+    {14400, 2, "FKT", "FKST", "Atlantic/Stanley"},
+    {14400, 2, "PYT", "PYST", "America/Asuncion"},
+    {18000, 1, "CST", "CDT", "America/Havana"},
+    {18000, 1, "EST", "EDT", "US/Eastern"}, /* Conflicts with America/Grand_Turk */
+    {21600, 2, "EAST", "EASST", "Chile/EasterIsland"},
+    {21600, 0, "CST", "MDT", "Canada/Saskatchewan"},
+    {21600, 0, "CST", "CDT", "America/Guatemala"},
+    {21600, 1, "CST", "CDT", "US/Central"}, /* Conflicts with Mexico/General */
+    {25200, 1, "MST", "MDT", "US/Mountain"}, /* Conflicts with Mexico/BajaSur */
+    {28800, 0, "PST", "PST", "Pacific/Pitcairn"},
+    {28800, 1, "PST", "PDT", "US/Pacific"}, /* Conflicts with Mexico/BajaNorte */
+    {32400, 1, "AKST", "AKDT", "US/Alaska"},
+    {36000, 1, "HAST", "HADT", "US/Aleutian"}
+};
+
+/*#define DEBUG_TZNAME*/
+
+static const char* remapShortTimeZone(const char *stdID, const char *dstID, int32_t daylightType, int32_t offset)
+{
+    int32_t idx;
+#ifdef DEBUG_TZNAME
+    fprintf(stderr, "TZ=%s std=%s dst=%s daylight=%d offset=%d\n", getenv("TZ"), stdID, dstID, daylightType, offset);
+#endif
+    for (idx = 0; idx < UPRV_LENGTHOF(OFFSET_ZONE_MAPPINGS); idx++)
+    {
+        if (offset == OFFSET_ZONE_MAPPINGS[idx].offsetSeconds
+            && daylightType == OFFSET_ZONE_MAPPINGS[idx].daylightType
+            && strcmp(OFFSET_ZONE_MAPPINGS[idx].stdID, stdID) == 0
+            && strcmp(OFFSET_ZONE_MAPPINGS[idx].dstID, dstID) == 0)
+        {
+            return OFFSET_ZONE_MAPPINGS[idx].olsonID;
+        }
+    }
+    return NULL;
+}
+#endif
+
+U_CAPI const char* U_EXPORT2
+uprv_tzname(int n)
+{
+    const char *tzid = NULL;
+#ifdef U_WINDOWS
+    tzid = uprv_detectWindowsTimeZone();
+
+    if (tzid != NULL) {
+        return tzid;
+    }
+#else
+
+/*#if defined(U_DARWIN)
+    int ret;
+
+    tzid = getenv("TZFILE");
+    if (tzid != NULL) {
+        return tzid;
+    }
+#endif*/
+
+/* This code can be temporarily disabled to test tzname resolution later on. */
+#ifndef DEBUG_TZNAME
+    tzid = getenv("TZ");
+    if (tzid != NULL && isValidOlsonID(tzid))
+    {
+        /* This might be a good Olson ID. */
+        if (uprv_strncmp(tzid, "posix/", 6) == 0
+            || uprv_strncmp(tzid, "right/", 6) == 0)
+        {
+            /* Remove the posix/ or right/ prefix. */
+            tzid += 6;
+        }
+        return tzid;
+    }
+    /* else U_TZNAME will give a better result. */
+#endif
+
+#if defined(CHECK_LOCALTIME_LINK)
+    /* Caller must handle threading issues */
+    if (gTimeZoneBufferPtr == NULL) {
+        /*
+        This is a trick to look at the name of the link to get the Olson ID
+        because the tzfile contents is underspecified.
+        This isn't guaranteed to work because it may not be a symlink.
+        */
+        int32_t ret = (int32_t)readlink(TZDEFAULT, gTimeZoneBuffer, sizeof(gTimeZoneBuffer));
+        if (0 < ret) {
+            int32_t tzZoneInfoLen = uprv_strlen(TZZONEINFO);
+            gTimeZoneBuffer[ret] = 0;
+            if (uprv_strncmp(gTimeZoneBuffer, TZZONEINFO, tzZoneInfoLen) == 0
+                && isValidOlsonID(gTimeZoneBuffer + tzZoneInfoLen))
+            {
+                return (gTimeZoneBufferPtr = gTimeZoneBuffer + tzZoneInfoLen);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        return gTimeZoneBufferPtr;
+    }
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#ifdef U_TZNAME
+#if !defined(U_WINDOWS)
+    /*
+    U_TZNAME is usually a non-unique abbreviation, which isn't normally usable.
+    So we remap the abbreviation to an olson ID.
+
+    Since Windows exposes a little more timezone information,
+    we normally don't use this code on Windows because
+    uprv_detectWindowsTimeZone should have already given the correct answer.
+    */
+    {
+        struct tm juneSol, decemberSol;
+        int daylightType;
+        static const time_t juneSolstice=1182478260; /*2007-06-21 18:11 UT*/
+        static const time_t decemberSolstice=1198332540; /*2007-12-22 06:09 UT*/
+
+        /* This probing will tell us when daylight savings occurs.  */
+        localtime_r(&juneSolstice, &juneSol);
+        localtime_r(&decemberSolstice, &decemberSol);
+        daylightType = ((decemberSol.tm_isdst > 0) << 1) | (juneSol.tm_isdst > 0);
+        tzid = remapShortTimeZone(U_TZNAME[0], U_TZNAME[1], daylightType, uprv_timezone());
+        if (tzid != NULL) {
+            return tzid;
+        }
+    }
+#endif
+    return U_TZNAME[n];
+#else
+    return "";
+#endif
+}
+
+/* Get and set the ICU data directory --------------------------------------- */
+
+static char *gDataDirectory = NULL;
+#if U_POSIX_LOCALE
+ static char *gCorrectedPOSIXLocale = NULL; /* Heap allocated */
+#endif
+
+static UBool U_CALLCONV putil_cleanup(void)
+{
+    if (gDataDirectory && *gDataDirectory) {
+        uprv_free(gDataDirectory);
+    }
+    gDataDirectory = NULL;
+#if U_POSIX_LOCALE
+    if (gCorrectedPOSIXLocale) {
+        uprv_free(gCorrectedPOSIXLocale);
+        gCorrectedPOSIXLocale = NULL;
+    }
+#endif
+    return TRUE;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Set the data directory.
+ *    Make a copy of the passed string, and set the global data dir to point to it.
+ *    TODO:  see bug #2849, regarding thread safety.
+ */
+U_CAPI void U_EXPORT2
+u_setDataDirectory(const char *directory) {
+    char *newDataDir;
+    int32_t length;
+
+    if(directory==NULL || *directory==0) {
+        /* A small optimization to prevent the malloc and copy when the
+        shared library is used, and this is a way to make sure that NULL
+        is never returned.
+        */
+        newDataDir = (char *)"";
+    }
+    else {
+        length=(int32_t)uprv_strlen(directory);
+        newDataDir = (char *)uprv_malloc(length + 2);
+        /* Exit out if newDataDir could not be created. */
+        if (newDataDir == NULL) {
+            return;
+        }
+        uprv_strcpy(newDataDir, directory);
+
+#if (U_FILE_SEP_CHAR != U_FILE_ALT_SEP_CHAR)
+        {
+            char *p;
+            while(p = uprv_strchr(newDataDir, U_FILE_ALT_SEP_CHAR)) {
+                *p = U_FILE_SEP_CHAR;
+            }
+        }
+#endif
+    }
+
+    umtx_lock(NULL);
+    if (gDataDirectory && *gDataDirectory) {
+        uprv_free(gDataDirectory);
+    }
+    gDataDirectory = newDataDir;
+    ucln_common_registerCleanup(UCLN_COMMON_PUTIL, putil_cleanup);
+    umtx_unlock(NULL);
+}
+
+U_CAPI UBool U_EXPORT2
+uprv_pathIsAbsolute(const char *path) 
+{
+  if(!path || !*path) { 
+    return FALSE; 
+  }
+
+  if(*path == U_FILE_SEP_CHAR) {
+    return TRUE;
+  }
+
+#if (U_FILE_SEP_CHAR != U_FILE_ALT_SEP_CHAR)
+  if(*path == U_FILE_ALT_SEP_CHAR) {
+    return TRUE;
+  }
+#endif
+
+#if defined(U_WINDOWS)
+  if( (((path[0] >= 'A') && (path[0] <= 'Z')) ||
+       ((path[0] >= 'a') && (path[0] <= 'z'))) &&
+      path[1] == ':' ) {
+    return TRUE;
+  }
+#endif
+
+  return FALSE;
+}
+
+U_CAPI const char * U_EXPORT2
+u_getDataDirectory(void) {
+    const char *path = NULL;
+
+    /* if we have the directory, then return it immediately */
+    UMTX_CHECK(NULL, gDataDirectory, path);
+
+    if(path) {
+        return path;
+    }
+
+    /*
+    When ICU_NO_USER_DATA_OVERRIDE is defined, users aren't allowed to
+    override ICU's data with the ICU_DATA environment variable. This prevents
+    problems where multiple custom copies of ICU's specific version of data
+    are installed on a system. Either the application must define the data
+    directory with u_setDataDirectory, define ICU_DATA_DIR when compiling
+    ICU, set the data with udata_setCommonData or trust that all of the
+    required data is contained in ICU's data library that contains
+    the entry point defined by U_ICUDATA_ENTRY_POINT.
+
+    There may also be some platforms where environment variables
+    are not allowed.
+    */
+#   if !defined(ICU_NO_USER_DATA_OVERRIDE) && !UCONFIG_NO_FILE_IO
+    /* First try to get the environment variable */
+    path=getenv("ICU_DATA");
+#   endif
+
+    /* ICU_DATA_DIR may be set as a compile option */
+#   ifdef ICU_DATA_DIR
+    if(path==NULL || *path==0) {
+        path=ICU_DATA_DIR;
+    }
+#   endif
+
+    if(path==NULL) {
+        /* It looks really bad, set it to something. */
+        path = "";
+    }
+
+    u_setDataDirectory(path);
+    return gDataDirectory;
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+/* Macintosh-specific locale information ------------------------------------ */
+#ifdef XP_MAC
+
+typedef struct {
+    int32_t script;
+    int32_t region;
+    int32_t lang;
+    int32_t date_region;
+    const char* posixID;
+} mac_lc_rec;
+
+/* Todo: This will be updated with a newer version from www.unicode.org web
+   page when it's available.*/
+#define MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER -5
+#define MAC_LC_INIT_NUMBER -9
+
+static const mac_lc_rec mac_lc_recs[] = {
+    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 0, "en_US",
+    /* United States*/
+    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 1, "fr_FR",
+    /* France*/
+    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 2, "en_GB",
+    /* Great Britain*/
+    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 3, "de_DE",
+    /* Germany*/
+    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 4, "it_IT",
+    /* Italy*/
+    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 5, "nl_NL",
+    /* Metherlands*/
+    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 6, "fr_BE",
+    /* French for Belgium or Lxembourg*/
+    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 7, "sv_SE",
+    /* Sweden*/
+    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 9, "da_DK",
+    /* Denmark*/
+    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 10, "pt_PT",
+    /* Portugal*/
+    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 11, "fr_CA",
+    /* French Canada*/
+    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 13, "is_IS",
+    /* Israel*/
+    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 14, "ja_JP",
+    /* Japan*/
+    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 15, "en_AU",
+    /* Australia*/
+    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 16, "ar_AE",
+    /* the Arabic world (?)*/
+    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 17, "fi_FI",
+    /* Finland*/
+    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 18, "fr_CH",
+    /* French for Switzerland*/
+    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 19, "de_CH",
+    /* German for Switzerland*/
+    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 20, "el_GR",
+    /* Greece*/
+    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 21, "is_IS",
+    /* Iceland ===*/
+    /*MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 22, "",*/
+    /* Malta ===*/
+    /*MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 23, "",*/
+    /* Cyprus ===*/
+    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 24, "tr_TR",
+    /* Turkey ===*/
+    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 25, "sh_YU",
+    /* Croatian system for Yugoslavia*/
+    /*MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 33, "",*/
+    /* Hindi system for India*/
+    /*MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 34, "",*/
+    /* Pakistan*/
+    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 41, "lt_LT",
+    /* Lithuania*/
+    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 42, "pl_PL",
+    /* Poland*/
+    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 43, "hu_HU",
+    /* Hungary*/
+    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 44, "et_EE",
+    /* Estonia*/
+    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 45, "lv_LV",
+    /* Latvia*/
+    /*MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 46, "",*/
+    /* Lapland  [Ask Rich for the data. HS]*/
+    /*MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 47, "",*/
+    /* Faeroe Islands*/
+    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 48, "fa_IR",
+    /* Iran*/
+    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 49, "ru_RU",
+    /* Russia*/
+    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 50, "en_IE",
+    /* Ireland*/
+    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 51, "ko_KR",
+    /* Korea*/
+    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 52, "zh_CN",
+    /* People's Republic of China*/
+    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 53, "zh_TW",
+    /* Taiwan*/
+    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, 54, "th_TH",
+    /* Thailand*/
+
+    /* fallback is en_US*/
+    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER,
+    MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER, "en_US"
+};
+
+#endif
+
+#if U_POSIX_LOCALE
+/* Return just the POSIX id, whatever happens to be in it */
+static const char *uprv_getPOSIXID(void)
+{
+    static const char* posixID = NULL;
+    if (posixID == 0) {
+        /*
+        * On Solaris two different calls to setlocale can result in 
+        * different values. Only get this value once.
+        *
+        * We must check this first because an application can set this.
+        *
+        * LC_ALL can't be used because it's platform dependent. The LANG
+        * environment variable seems to affect LC_CTYPE variable by default.
+        * Here is what setlocale(LC_ALL, NULL) can return.
+        * HPUX can return 'C C C C C C C'
+        * Solaris can return /en_US/C/C/C/C/C on the second try.
+        * Linux can return LC_CTYPE=C;LC_NUMERIC=C;...
+        *
+        * The default codepage detection also needs to use LC_CTYPE.
+        * 
+        * Do not call setlocale(LC_*, "")! Using an empty string instead
+        * of NULL, will modify the libc behavior.
+        */
+        posixID = setlocale(LC_CTYPE, NULL);
+        if ((posixID == 0)
+            || (uprv_strcmp("C", posixID) == 0)
+            || (uprv_strcmp("POSIX", posixID) == 0))
+        {
+            /* Maybe we got some garbage.  Try something more reasonable */
+            posixID = getenv("LC_ALL");
+            if (posixID == 0) {
+                posixID = getenv("LC_CTYPE");
+                if (posixID == 0) {
+                    posixID = getenv("LANG");
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if ((posixID==0)
+            || (uprv_strcmp("C", posixID) == 0)
+            || (uprv_strcmp("POSIX", posixID) == 0))
+        {
+            /* Nothing worked.  Give it a nice POSIX default value. */
+            posixID = "en_US_POSIX";
+        }
+    }
+
+    return posixID;
+}
+#endif
+
+/* NOTE: The caller should handle thread safety */
+U_CAPI const char* U_EXPORT2
+uprv_getDefaultLocaleID()
+{
+#if U_POSIX_LOCALE
+/*
+  Note that:  (a '!' means the ID is improper somehow)
+     LC_ALL  ---->     default_loc          codepage
+--------------------------------------------------------
+     ab.CD             ab                   CD
+     ab@CD             ab__CD               -
+     ab@CD.EF          ab__CD               EF
+
+     ab_CD.EF@GH       ab_CD_GH             EF
+
+Some 'improper' ways to do the same as above:
+  !  ab_CD@GH.EF       ab_CD_GH             EF
+  !  ab_CD.EF@GH.IJ    ab_CD_GH             EF
+  !  ab_CD@ZZ.EF@GH.IJ ab_CD_GH             EF
+
+     _CD@GH            _CD_GH               -
+     _CD.EF@GH         _CD_GH               EF
+
+The variant cannot have dots in it.
+The 'rightmost' variant (@xxx) wins.
+The leftmost codepage (.xxx) wins.
+*/
+    char *correctedPOSIXLocale = 0;
+    const char* posixID = uprv_getPOSIXID();
+    const char *p;
+    const char *q;
+    int32_t len;
+
+    /* Format: (no spaces)
+    ll [ _CC ] [ . MM ] [ @ VV]
+
+      l = lang, C = ctry, M = charmap, V = variant
+    */
+
+    if (gCorrectedPOSIXLocale != NULL) {
+        return gCorrectedPOSIXLocale; 
+    }
+
+    if ((p = uprv_strchr(posixID, '.')) != NULL) {
+        /* assume new locale can't be larger than old one? */
+	correctedPOSIXLocale = static_cast<char *>(uprv_malloc(uprv_strlen(posixID)+1));
+        /* Exit on memory allocation error. */
+        if (correctedPOSIXLocale == NULL) {
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        uprv_strncpy(correctedPOSIXLocale, posixID, p-posixID);
+        correctedPOSIXLocale[p-posixID] = 0;
+
+        /* do not copy after the @ */
+        if ((p = uprv_strchr(correctedPOSIXLocale, '@')) != NULL) {
+            correctedPOSIXLocale[p-correctedPOSIXLocale] = 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* Note that we scan the *uncorrected* ID. */
+    if ((p = uprv_strrchr(posixID, '@')) != NULL) {
+        if (correctedPOSIXLocale == NULL) {
+            correctedPOSIXLocale = static_cast<char *>(uprv_malloc(uprv_strlen(posixID)+1));
+            /* Exit on memory allocation error. */
+            if (correctedPOSIXLocale == NULL) {
+                return NULL;
+            }
+            uprv_strncpy(correctedPOSIXLocale, posixID, p-posixID);
+            correctedPOSIXLocale[p-posixID] = 0;
+        }
+        p++;
+
+        /* Take care of any special cases here.. */
+        if (!uprv_strcmp(p, "nynorsk")) {
+            p = "NY";
+            /* Don't worry about no__NY. In practice, it won't appear. */
+        }
+
+        if (uprv_strchr(correctedPOSIXLocale,'_') == NULL) {
+            uprv_strcat(correctedPOSIXLocale, "__"); /* aa@b -> aa__b */
+        }
+        else {
+            uprv_strcat(correctedPOSIXLocale, "_"); /* aa_CC@b -> aa_CC_b */
+        }
+
+        if ((q = uprv_strchr(p, '.')) != NULL) {
+            /* How big will the resulting string be? */
+            len = (int32_t)(uprv_strlen(correctedPOSIXLocale) + (q-p));
+            uprv_strncat(correctedPOSIXLocale, p, q-p);
+            correctedPOSIXLocale[len] = 0;
+        }
+        else {
+            /* Anything following the @ sign */
+            uprv_strcat(correctedPOSIXLocale, p);
+        }
+
+        /* Should there be a map from 'no@nynorsk' -> no_NO_NY here?
+         * How about 'russian' -> 'ru'?
+         * Many of the other locales using ISO codes will be handled by the
+         * canonicalization functions in uloc_getDefault.
+         */
+    }
+
+    /* Was a correction made? */
+    if (correctedPOSIXLocale != NULL) {
+        posixID = correctedPOSIXLocale;
+    }
+    else {
+        /* copy it, just in case the original pointer goes away.  See j2395 */
+        correctedPOSIXLocale = (char *)uprv_malloc(uprv_strlen(posixID) + 1);
+        /* Exit on memory allocation error. */
+        if (correctedPOSIXLocale == NULL) {
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        posixID = uprv_strcpy(correctedPOSIXLocale, posixID);
+    }
+
+    if (gCorrectedPOSIXLocale == NULL) {
+        gCorrectedPOSIXLocale = correctedPOSIXLocale;
+        ucln_common_registerCleanup(UCLN_COMMON_PUTIL, putil_cleanup);
+        correctedPOSIXLocale = NULL;
+    }
+
+    if (correctedPOSIXLocale != NULL) {  /* Was already set - clean up. */
+        uprv_free(correctedPOSIXLocale); 
+    }
+
+    return posixID;
+
+#elif defined(U_WINDOWS)
+    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    LCID id = GetThreadLocale();
+    const char* locID = uprv_convertToPosix(id, &status);
+
+    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
+        locID = "en_US";
+    }
+    return locID;
+
+#elif defined(XP_MAC)
+    int32_t script = MAC_LC_INIT_NUMBER;
+    /* = IntlScript(); or GetScriptManagerVariable(smSysScript);*/
+    int32_t region = MAC_LC_INIT_NUMBER;
+    /* = GetScriptManagerVariable(smRegionCode);*/
+    int32_t lang = MAC_LC_INIT_NUMBER;
+    /* = GetScriptManagerVariable(smScriptLang);*/
+    int32_t date_region = MAC_LC_INIT_NUMBER;
+    const char* posixID = 0;
+    int32_t count = sizeof(mac_lc_recs) / sizeof(mac_lc_rec);
+    int32_t i;
+    Intl1Hndl ih;
+
+    ih = (Intl1Hndl) GetIntlResource(1);
+    if (ih)
+        date_region = ((uint16_t)(*ih)->intl1Vers) >> 8;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+        if (   ((mac_lc_recs[i].script == MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER)
+             || (mac_lc_recs[i].script == script))
+            && ((mac_lc_recs[i].region == MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER)
+             || (mac_lc_recs[i].region == region))
+            && ((mac_lc_recs[i].lang == MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER)
+             || (mac_lc_recs[i].lang == lang))
+            && ((mac_lc_recs[i].date_region == MAC_LC_MAGIC_NUMBER)
+             || (mac_lc_recs[i].date_region == date_region))
+            )
+        {
+            posixID = mac_lc_recs[i].posixID;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return posixID;
+
+#elif defined(OS400)
+    /* locales are process scoped and are by definition thread safe */
+    static char correctedLocale[64];
+    const  char *localeID = getenv("LC_ALL");
+           char *p;
+
+    if (localeID == NULL)
+        localeID = getenv("LANG");
+    if (localeID == NULL)
+        localeID = setlocale(LC_ALL, NULL);
+    /* Make sure we have something... */
+    if (localeID == NULL)
+        return "en_US_POSIX";
+
+    /* Extract the locale name from the path. */
+    if((p = uprv_strrchr(localeID, '/')) != NULL)
+    {
+        /* Increment p to start of locale name. */
+        p++;
+        localeID = p;
+    }
+
+    /* Copy to work location. */
+    uprv_strcpy(correctedLocale, localeID);
+
+    /* Strip off the '.locale' extension. */
+    if((p = uprv_strchr(correctedLocale, '.')) != NULL) {
+        *p = 0;
+    }
+
+    /* Upper case the locale name. */
+    T_CString_toUpperCase(correctedLocale);
+
+    /* See if we are using the POSIX locale.  Any of the
+    * following are equivalent and use the same QLGPGCMA
+    * (POSIX) locale.
+    * QLGPGCMA2 means UCS2
+    * QLGPGCMA_4 means UTF-32
+    * QLGPGCMA_8 means UTF-8
+    */
+    if ((uprv_strcmp("C", correctedLocale) == 0) ||
+        (uprv_strcmp("POSIX", correctedLocale) == 0) ||
+        (uprv_strncmp("QLGPGCMA", correctedLocale, 8) == 0))
+    {
+        uprv_strcpy(correctedLocale, "en_US_POSIX");
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        int16_t LocaleLen;
+
+        /* Lower case the lang portion. */
+        for(p = correctedLocale; *p != 0 && *p != '_'; p++)
+        {
+            *p = uprv_tolower(*p);
+        }
+
+        /* Adjust for Euro.  After '_E' add 'URO'. */
+        LocaleLen = uprv_strlen(correctedLocale);
+        if (correctedLocale[LocaleLen - 2] == '_' &&
+            correctedLocale[LocaleLen - 1] == 'E')
+        {
+            uprv_strcat(correctedLocale, "URO");
+        }
+
+        /* If using Lotus-based locale then convert to
+         * equivalent non Lotus.
+         */
+        else if (correctedLocale[LocaleLen - 2] == '_' &&
+            correctedLocale[LocaleLen - 1] == 'L')
+        {
+            correctedLocale[LocaleLen - 2] = 0;
+        }
+
+        /* There are separate simplified and traditional
+         * locales called zh_HK_S and zh_HK_T.
+         */
+        else if (uprv_strncmp(correctedLocale, "zh_HK", 5) == 0)
+        {
+            uprv_strcpy(correctedLocale, "zh_HK");
+        }
+
+        /* A special zh_CN_GBK locale...
+        */
+        else if (uprv_strcmp(correctedLocale, "zh_CN_GBK") == 0)
+        {
+            uprv_strcpy(correctedLocale, "zh_CN");
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    return correctedLocale;
+#endif
+
+}
+
+#if U_POSIX_LOCALE
+/*
+Due to various platform differences, one platform may specify a charset,
+when they really mean a different charset. Remap the names so that they are
+compatible with ICU. Only conflicting/ambiguous aliases should be resolved
+here. Before adding anything to this function, please consider adding unique
+names to the ICU alias table in the data directory.
+*/
+static const char*
+remapPlatformDependentCodepage(const char *locale, const char *name) {
+    if (locale != NULL && *locale == 0) {
+        /* Make sure that an empty locale is handled the same way. */
+        locale = NULL;
+    }
+    if (name == NULL) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+#if defined(U_AIX)
+    if (uprv_strcmp(name, "IBM-943") == 0) {
+        /* Use the ASCII compatible ibm-943 */
+        name = "Shift-JIS";
+    }
+    else if (uprv_strcmp(name, "IBM-1252") == 0) {
+        /* Use the windows-1252 that contains the Euro */
+        name = "IBM-5348";
+    }
+#elif defined(U_SOLARIS)
+    if (locale != NULL && uprv_strcmp(name, "EUC") == 0) {
+        /* Solaris underspecifies the "EUC" name. */
+        if (uprv_strcmp(locale, "zh_CN") == 0) {
+            name = "EUC-CN";
+        }
+        else if (uprv_strcmp(locale, "zh_TW") == 0) {
+            name = "EUC-TW";
+        }
+        else if (uprv_strcmp(locale, "ko_KR") == 0) {
+            name = "EUC-KR";
+        }
+    }
+    else if (uprv_strcmp(name, "eucJP") == 0) {
+        /*
+        ibm-954 is the best match.
+        ibm-33722 is the default for eucJP (similar to Windows).
+        */
+        name = "eucjis";
+    }
+    else if (uprv_strcmp(name, "646") == 0) {
+        /*
+         * The default codepage given by Solaris is 646 but the C library routines treat it as if it was 
+         * ISO-8859-1 instead of US-ASCII(646).
+         */
+        name = "ISO-8859-1";
+    }
+#elif defined(U_DARWIN)
+    if (locale == NULL && *name == 0) {
+        /*
+        No locale was specified, and an empty name was passed in.
+        This usually indicates that nl_langinfo didn't return valid information.
+        Mac OS X uses UTF-8 by default (especially the locale data and console).
+        */
+        name = "UTF-8";
+    }
+#elif defined(U_HPUX)
+    if (locale != NULL && uprv_strcmp(locale, "zh_HK") == 0 && uprv_strcmp(name, "big5") == 0) {
+        /* HP decided to extend big5 as hkbig5 even though it's not compatible :-( */
+        /* zh_TW.big5 is not the same charset as zh_HK.big5! */
+        name = "hkbig5";
+    }
+    else if (uprv_strcmp(name, "eucJP") == 0) {
+        /*
+        ibm-1350 is the best match, but unavailable.
+        ibm-954 is mostly a superset of ibm-1350.
+        ibm-33722 is the default for eucJP (similar to Windows).
+        */
+        name = "eucjis";
+    }
+#elif defined(U_LINUX)
+    if (locale != NULL && uprv_strcmp(name, "euc") == 0) {
+        /* Linux underspecifies the "EUC" name. */
+        if (uprv_strcmp(locale, "korean") == 0) {
+            name = "EUC-KR";
+        }
+        else if (uprv_strcmp(locale, "japanese") == 0) {
+            /* See comment below about eucJP */
+            name = "eucjis";
+        }
+    }
+    else if (uprv_strcmp(name, "eucjp") == 0) {
+        /*
+        ibm-1350 is the best match, but unavailable.
+        ibm-954 is mostly a superset of ibm-1350.
+        ibm-33722 is the default for eucJP (similar to Windows).
+        */
+        name = "eucjis";
+    }
+#endif
+    /* return NULL when "" is passed in */
+    if (*name == 0) {
+        name = NULL;
+    }
+    return name;
+}
+
+static const char*  
+getCodepageFromPOSIXID(const char *localeName, char * buffer, int32_t buffCapacity)
+{
+    char localeBuf[100];
+    const char *name = NULL;
+    char *variant = NULL;
+
+    if (localeName != NULL && (name = (uprv_strchr(localeName, '.'))) != NULL) {
+        size_t localeCapacity = uprv_min(sizeof(localeBuf), (name-localeName)+1);
+        uprv_strncpy(localeBuf, localeName, localeCapacity);
+        localeBuf[localeCapacity-1] = 0; /* ensure NULL termination */
+        name = uprv_strncpy(buffer, name+1, buffCapacity);
+        buffer[buffCapacity-1] = 0; /* ensure NULL termination */
+        if ((variant = (uprv_strchr(name, '@'))) != NULL) {
+            *variant = 0;
+        }
+        name = remapPlatformDependentCodepage(localeBuf, name);
+    }
+    return name;
+}
+#endif
+
+static const char*  
+int_getDefaultCodepage()
+{
+#if defined(OS400)
+    uint32_t ccsid = 37; /* Default to ibm-37 */
+    static char codepage[64];
+    Qwc_JOBI0400_t jobinfo;
+    Qus_EC_t error = { sizeof(Qus_EC_t) }; /* SPI error code */
+
+    EPT_CALL(QUSRJOBI)(&jobinfo, sizeof(jobinfo), "JOBI0400",
+        "*                         ", "                ", &error);
+
+    if (error.Bytes_Available == 0) {
+        if (jobinfo.Coded_Char_Set_ID != 0xFFFF) {
+            ccsid = (uint32_t)jobinfo.Coded_Char_Set_ID;
+        }
+        else if (jobinfo.Default_Coded_Char_Set_Id != 0xFFFF) {
+            ccsid = (uint32_t)jobinfo.Default_Coded_Char_Set_Id;
+        }
+        /* else use the default */
+    }
+    sprintf(codepage,"ibm-%d", ccsid);
+    return codepage;
+
+#elif defined(OS390)
+    static char codepage[64];
+    sprintf(codepage,"%63s" UCNV_SWAP_LFNL_OPTION_STRING, nl_langinfo(CODESET));
+    codepage[63] = 0; /* NULL terminate */
+    return codepage;
+
+#elif defined(XP_MAC)
+    return "macintosh"; /* TODO: Macintosh Roman. There must be a better way. fixme! */
+
+#elif defined(U_WINDOWS)
+    static char codepage[64];
+    sprintf(codepage, "windows-%d", GetACP());
+    return codepage;
+
+#elif U_POSIX_LOCALE
+    static char codesetName[100];
+    const char *localeName = NULL;
+    const char *name = NULL;
+
+    uprv_memset(codesetName, 0, sizeof(codesetName));
+
+    /* Use setlocale in a nice way, and then check some environment variables.
+       Maybe the application used setlocale already.
+    */
+    localeName = uprv_getPOSIXID();
+    name = getCodepageFromPOSIXID(localeName, codesetName, sizeof(codesetName));
+    if (name) {
+        /* if we can find the codeset name from setlocale, return that. */
+        return name;
+    }
+    /* else "C" was probably returned. That's underspecified. */
+
+#if U_HAVE_NL_LANGINFO_CODESET
+    if (*codesetName) {
+        uprv_memset(codesetName, 0, sizeof(codesetName));
+    }
+    /* When available, check nl_langinfo because it usually gives more
+       useful names. It depends on LC_CTYPE and not LANG or LC_ALL.
+       nl_langinfo may use the same buffer as setlocale. */
+    {
+        const char *codeset = nl_langinfo(U_NL_LANGINFO_CODESET);
+        codeset = remapPlatformDependentCodepage(NULL, codeset);
+        if (codeset != NULL) {
+            uprv_strncpy(codesetName, codeset, sizeof(codesetName));
+            codesetName[sizeof(codesetName)-1] = 0;
+            return codesetName;
+        }
+    }
+#endif
+
+    if (*codesetName == 0)
+    {
+        /* Everything failed. Return US ASCII (ISO 646). */
+        (void)uprv_strcpy(codesetName, "US-ASCII");
+    }
+    return codesetName;
+#else
+    return "US-ASCII";
+#endif
+}
+
+
+U_CAPI const char*  U_EXPORT2
+uprv_getDefaultCodepage()
+{
+    static char const  *name = NULL;
+    umtx_lock(NULL);
+    if (name == NULL) {
+        name = int_getDefaultCodepage();
+    }
+    umtx_unlock(NULL);
+    return name;
+}
+
+
+/* end of platform-specific implementation -------------- */
+
+/* version handling --------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+U_CAPI void U_EXPORT2
+u_versionFromString(UVersionInfo versionArray, const char *versionString) {
+    char *end;
+    uint16_t part=0;
+
+    if(versionArray==NULL) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if(versionString!=NULL) {
+        for(;;) {
+            versionArray[part]=(uint8_t)uprv_strtoul(versionString, &end, 10);
+            if(end==versionString || ++part==U_MAX_VERSION_LENGTH || *end!=U_VERSION_DELIMITER) {
+                break;
+            }
+            versionString=end+1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    while(part<U_MAX_VERSION_LENGTH) {
+        versionArray[part++]=0;
+    }
+}
+
+U_CAPI void U_EXPORT2
+u_versionToString(UVersionInfo versionArray, char *versionString) {
+    uint16_t count, part;
+    uint8_t field;
+
+    if(versionString==NULL) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if(versionArray==NULL) {
+        versionString[0]=0;
+        return;
+    }
+
+    /* count how many fields need to be written */
+    for(count=4; count>0 && versionArray[count-1]==0; --count) {
+    }
+
+    if(count <= 1) {
+        count = 2;
+    }
+
+    /* write the first part */
+    /* write the decimal field value */
+    field=versionArray[0];
+    if(field>=100) {
+        *versionString++=(char)('0'+field/100);
+        field%=100;
+    }
+    if(field>=10) {
+        *versionString++=(char)('0'+field/10);
+        field%=10;
+    }
+    *versionString++=(char)('0'+field);
+
+    /* write the following parts */
+    for(part=1; part<count; ++part) {
+        /* write a dot first */
+        *versionString++=U_VERSION_DELIMITER;
+
+        /* write the decimal field value */
+        field=versionArray[part];
+        if(field>=100) {
+            *versionString++=(char)('0'+field/100);
+            field%=100;
+        }
+        if(field>=10) {
+            *versionString++=(char)('0'+field/10);
+            field%=10;
+        }
+        *versionString++=(char)('0'+field);
+    }
+
+    /* NUL-terminate */
+    *versionString=0;
+}
+
+U_CAPI void U_EXPORT2
+u_getVersion(UVersionInfo versionArray) {
+    u_versionFromString(versionArray, U_ICU_VERSION);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Hey, Emacs, please set the following:
+ *
+ * Local Variables:
+ * indent-tabs-mode: nil
+ * End:
+ *
+ */
diff -Nura icu/source/common/putilimp.h icu_new/source/common/putilimp.h
--- icu/source/common/putilimp.h	2008-07-01 09:41:12.000000000 +0800
+++ icu_new/source/common/putilimp.h	2022-08-17 11:22:44.441148430 +0800
@@ -148,6 +148,32 @@
  */
 U_INTERNAL double  U_EXPORT2 uprv_round(double x);
 
+/**
+ * Adds the signed integers a and b, storing the result in res.
+ * Checks for signed integer overflow.
+ * Similar to the GCC/Clang extension __builtin_add_overflow
+ *
+ * @param a The first operand.
+ * @param b The second operand.
+ * @param res a + b
+ * @return true if overflow occurred; false if no overflow occurred.
+ * @internal
+ */
+U_INTERNAL UBool U_EXPORT2 uprv_add32_overflow(int32_t a, int32_t b, int32_t* res);
+
+/**
+ * Multiplies the signed integers a and b, storing the result in res.
+ * Checks for signed integer overflow.
+ * Similar to the GCC/Clang extension __builtin_mul_overflow
+ *
+ * @param a The first multiplicand.
+ * @param b The second multiplicand.
+ * @param res a * b
+ * @return true if overflow occurred; false if no overflow occurred.
+ * @internal
+ */
+U_INTERNAL UBool U_EXPORT2 uprv_mul32_overflow(int32_t a, int32_t b, int32_t* res);
+
 #if 0
 /**
  * Returns the number of digits after the decimal point in a double number x.
diff -Nura icu/source/common/unicode/unistr.h icu_new/source/common/unicode/unistr.h
--- icu/source/common/unicode/unistr.h	2008-07-01 09:41:08.000000000 +0800
+++ icu_new/source/common/unicode/unistr.h	2022-08-17 18:41:48.736456364 +0800
@@ -3082,6 +3082,9 @@
                int32_t srcStart,
                int32_t srcLength);
 
+  UnicodeString& doAppend(const UnicodeString& src, int32_t srcStart, int32_t srcLength);
+  UnicodeString& doAppend(const UChar *srcChars, int32_t srcStart, int32_t srcLength);
+
   UnicodeString& doReverse(int32_t start,
                int32_t length);
 
diff -Nura icu/source/common/unistr.cpp icu_new/source/common/unistr.cpp
--- icu/source/common/unistr.cpp	2008-07-01 09:41:12.000000000 +0800
+++ icu_new/source/common/unistr.cpp	2022-08-17 21:56:34.794787830 +0800
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 
 #include "unicode/utypes.h"
 #include "unicode/putil.h"
+#include "putilimp.h"
 #include "cstring.h"
 #include "cmemory.h"
 #include "unicode/ustring.h"
@@ -338,6 +339,30 @@
 // array allocation
 //========================================
 
+namespace {
+
+const int32_t kGrowSize = 128;
+
+// The number of bytes for one int32_t reference counter and capacity UChars
+// must fit into a 32-bit size_t (at least when on a 32-bit platform).
+// We also add one for the NUL terminator, to avoid reallocation in getTerminatedBuffer(),
+// and round up to a multiple of 16 bytes.
+// This means that capacity must be at most (0xfffffff0 - 4) / 2 - 1 = 0x7ffffff5.
+// (With more complicated checks we could go up to 0x7ffffffd without rounding up,
+// but that does not seem worth it.)
+const int32_t kMaxCapacity = 0x7ffffff5;
+
+int32_t getGrowCapacity(int32_t newLength) {
+  int32_t growSize = (newLength >> 2) + kGrowSize;
+  if(growSize <= (kMaxCapacity - newLength)) {
+    return newLength + growSize;
+  } else {
+    return kMaxCapacity;
+  }
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
 UBool
 UnicodeString::allocate(int32_t capacity) {
   if(capacity <= US_STACKBUF_SIZE) {
@@ -1026,6 +1051,58 @@
   }
 }
 
+// Versions of doReplace() only for append() variants.
+// doReplace() and doAppend() optimize for different cases.
+
+UnicodeString&
+UnicodeString::doAppend(const UnicodeString& src, int32_t srcStart, int32_t srcLength) {
+  if(srcLength == 0) {
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  // pin the indices to legal values
+  src.pinIndices(srcStart, srcLength);
+  return doAppend(src.getArrayStart(), srcStart, srcLength);
+}
+
+UnicodeString&
+UnicodeString::doAppend(const UChar *srcChars, int32_t srcStart, int32_t srcLength) {
+  if(!isWritable() || srcLength == 0 || srcChars == NULL) {
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  if(srcLength < 0) {
+    // get the srcLength if necessary
+    if((srcLength = u_strlen(srcChars + srcStart)) == 0) {
+      return *this;
+    }
+  }
+
+  int32_t oldLength = length();
+  int32_t newLength;
+  if (uprv_add32_overflow(oldLength, srcLength, &newLength)) {
+    setToBogus();
+    return *this;
+  }
+  // optimize append() onto a large-enough, owned string
+  if((newLength <= getCapacity() && isBufferWritable()) ||
+      cloneArrayIfNeeded(newLength, getGrowCapacity(newLength))) {
+    UChar *newArray = getArrayStart();
+    // Do not copy characters when
+    //   UChar *buffer=str.getAppendBuffer(...);
+    // is followed by
+    //   str.append(buffer, length);
+    // or
+    //   str.appendString(buffer, length)
+    // or similar.
+    if(srcChars + srcStart != newArray + oldLength) {
+      us_arrayCopy(srcChars, srcStart, newArray, oldLength, srcLength);
+    }
+    setLength(newLength);
+  }
+  return *this;
+}
+
 UnicodeString&
 UnicodeString::doReplace(int32_t start,
              int32_t length,
@@ -1046,33 +1123,34 @@
 
   int32_t oldLength = this->length();
 
-  // calculate the size of the string after the replace
-  int32_t newSize;
+  if(start == oldLength) {
+    return doAppend(srcChars, srcStart, srcLength);
+  }
 
-  // optimize append() onto a large-enough, owned string
-  if(start >= oldLength) {
-    newSize = oldLength + srcLength;
-    if(newSize <= getCapacity() && isBufferWritable()) {
-      us_arrayCopy(srcChars, srcStart, getArrayStart(), oldLength, srcLength);
-      setLength(newSize);
-      return *this;
-    } else {
-      // pin the indices to legal values
-      start = oldLength;
-      length = 0;
-    }
-  } else {
-    // pin the indices to legal values
-    pinIndices(start, length);
+  if(srcChars == 0) {
+    srcStart = srcLength = 0;
+  } else if(srcLength < 0) {
+    // get the srcLength if necessary
+    srcLength = u_strlen(srcChars + srcStart);
+  }
+
+  // pin the indices to legal values
+  pinIndices(start, length);
 
-    newSize = oldLength - length + srcLength;
+  // Calculate the size of the string after the replace.
+  // Avoid int32_t overflow.
+  int32_t newLength = oldLength - length;
+  if(srcLength > (INT32_MAX - newLength)) {
+    setToBogus();
+    return *this;
   }
+  newLength += srcLength;
 
   // the following may change fArray but will not copy the current contents;
   // therefore we need to keep the current fArray
   UChar oldStackBuffer[US_STACKBUF_SIZE];
   UChar *oldArray;
-  if((fFlags&kUsingStackBuffer) && (newSize > US_STACKBUF_SIZE)) {
+  if((fFlags&kUsingStackBuffer) && (newLength > US_STACKBUF_SIZE)) {
     // copy the stack buffer contents because it will be overwritten with
     // fUnion.fFields values
     u_memcpy(oldStackBuffer, fUnion.fStackBuffer, oldLength);
@@ -1083,7 +1161,7 @@
 
   // clone our array and allocate a bigger array if needed
   int32_t *bufferToDelete = 0;
-  if(!cloneArrayIfNeeded(newSize, newSize + (newSize >> 2) + kGrowSize,
+  if(!cloneArrayIfNeeded(newLength, newLength + (newLength >> 2) + kGrowSize,
                          FALSE, &bufferToDelete)
   ) {
     return *this;
@@ -1108,7 +1186,7 @@
   // now fill in the hole with the new string
   us_arrayCopy(srcChars, srcStart, newArray, start, srcLength);
 
-  setLength(newSize);
+  setLength(newLength);
 
   // delayed delete in case srcChars == fArray when we started, and
   // to keep oldArray alive for the above operations
diff -Nura icu/source/test/intltest/ustrtest.cpp icu_new/source/test/intltest/ustrtest.cpp
--- icu/source/test/intltest/ustrtest.cpp	2008-07-01 09:40:58.000000000 +0800
+++ icu_new/source/test/intltest/ustrtest.cpp	2022-08-17 22:06:24.399438423 +0800
@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@
         case 15: name = "TestStringEnumeration"; if (exec) TestStringEnumeration(); break;
         case 16: name = "TestCharString"; if (exec) TestCharString(); break;
         case 17: name = "TestNameSpace"; if (exec) TestNameSpace(); break;
+        case 18: name = "TestLargeAppend"; if (exec) TestLargeAppend(); break;
 
         default: name = ""; break; //needed to end loop
     }
@@ -1701,3 +1702,65 @@
     }
 #endif
 }
+
+
+void UnicodeStringTest::TestLargeAppend() {
+    if(quick) return;
+
+    IcuTestErrorCode status(*this, "TestLargeAppend");
+    // Make a large UnicodeString
+    int32_t len = 0xAFFFFFF;
+    UnicodeString str;
+    char16_t *buf = str.getBuffer(len);
+    // A fast way to set buffer to valid Unicode.
+    // 4E4E is a valid unicode character
+    uprv_memset(buf, 0x4e, len * 2);
+    str.releaseBuffer(len);
+    UnicodeString dest;
+    // Append it 16 times
+    // 0xAFFFFFF times 16 is 0xA4FFFFF1,
+    // which is greater than INT32_MAX, which is 0x7FFFFFFF.
+    int64_t total = 0;
+    for (int32_t i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
+        dest.append(str);
+        total += len;
+        if (total <= INT32_MAX) {
+            assertFalse("dest is not bogus", dest.isBogus());
+        } else {
+            assertTrue("dest should be bogus", dest.isBogus());
+        }
+    }
+    dest.remove();
+    total = 0;
+    for (int32_t i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
+        dest.append(str);
+        total += len;
+        if (total + len <= INT32_MAX) {
+            assertFalse("dest is not bogus", dest.isBogus());
+        } else if (total <= INT32_MAX) {
+            // Check that a string of exactly the maximum size works
+            UnicodeString str2;
+            int32_t remain = INT32_MAX - total;
+            char16_t *buf2 = str2.getBuffer(remain);
+            if (buf2 == nullptr) {
+                // if somehow memory allocation fail, return the test
+                return;
+            }
+            uprv_memset(buf2, 0x4e, remain * 2);
+            str2.releaseBuffer(remain);
+            dest.append(str2);
+            total += remain;
+            assertEquals("When a string of exactly the maximum size works", (int64_t)INT32_MAX, total);
+            assertEquals("When a string of exactly the maximum size works", INT32_MAX, dest.length());
+            assertFalse("dest is not bogus", dest.isBogus());
+
+            // Check that a string size+1 goes bogus
+            str2.truncate(1);
+            dest.append(str2);
+            total++;
+            assertTrue("dest should be bogus", dest.isBogus());
+        } else {
+            assertTrue("dest should be bogus", dest.isBogus());
+        }
+    }
+}
diff -Nura icu/source/test/intltest/ustrtest.h icu_new/source/test/intltest/ustrtest.h
--- icu/source/test/intltest/ustrtest.h	2022-08-14 16:35:15.971104423 +0800
+++ icu_new/source/test/intltest/ustrtest.h	2022-08-17 22:04:07.131588513 +0800
@@ -76,6 +76,7 @@
     void TestStringEnumeration();
     void TestCharString(void);
     void TestNameSpace(void);
+    void TestLargeAppend();
 };
 
 class StringCaseTest: public IntlTest {
